Delay in Source Control in Perforated Peptic Ulcer Leads to 6% Increased Risk of Death Per Hour: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Background Delay to theatre for patients with intra-abdominal sepsis is cited as a particular risk factor for death. Our aim was to evaluate the potential relationship between hourly delay from admission to surgery and post-operative mortality in patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU). Methods...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	World journal of surgery 2020-03, Vol.44 (3), p.869-875
Main Authors:	Boyd-Carson, H., Doleman, B., Cromwell, D., Lockwood, S., Williams, J. P., Tierney, G. M., Lund, J. N., Anderson, I. D.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Abdominal Surgery Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Cardiac Surgery Cohort Studies Continuity (mathematics) Death Delay Emergencies Female General Surgery Health risk assessment Humans Laparotomy Logistic Models Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Mortality Original Scientific Report Peptic Ulcer Perforation - mortality Peptic Ulcer Perforation - surgery Peptic ulcers Risk analysis Risk Factors Sepsis Surgery Theaters & cinemas Thoracic Surgery Time of use Time-to-Treatment Ulcers Vascular Surgery
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Summary:	Background Delay to theatre for patients with intra-abdominal sepsis is cited as a particular risk factor for death. Our aim was to evaluate the potential relationship between hourly delay from admission to surgery and post-operative mortality in patients with perforated peptic ulcer (PPU). Methods All patients entered in the National Emergency Laparotomy Audit who had an emergency laparotomy for PPU within 24 h of admission from December 2013 to November 2017 were included. Time to theatre from admission was modelled as a continuous variable in hours. Outcome was 90-day mortality. Logistic regression adjusting for confounding factors was performed. Results 3809 patients were included, and 90-day mortality rate was 10.61%. Median time to theatre was 7.5 h (IQR 5–11.6 h). The odds of death increased with time to operation once adjustment for confounding variables was performed (per hour after admission adjusted OR 1.04 95% CI 1.02–1.07). In patients who were physiologically shocked ( N = 334), there was an increase of 6% in risk-adjusted odds of mortality for every hour Em Lap was delayed after admission (OR 1.06 95% CI 1.01–1.11). Conclusion Hourly delay to theatre in patients with PPU is independently associated with risk of death by 90 days. Therefore, we suggest that surgical source control should occur as soon as possible after admission regardless of time of day.
ISSN:	0364-2313 1432-2323