Preparation and characterization of a new waste-derived mesoporous carbon structure for ultrahigh adsorption of benzene and toluene at ambient conditions

[Display omitted] •The nanoporous carbons prepared from petroleum waste modified by melamine (M-IANC).•The adsorbents presented great surface area and mesopore volume up to 2693 m2/g and 1.61 cm3/g.•The M-IANC samples contained remarkable N (1.05 wt.%), O (42.19 wt.%) and H (0.47 wt.%) functional gr...

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Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2020-02, Vol.384, p.121317-121317, Article 121317
Main Authors: Hossein Tehrani, Neda Haj Mohammad, Alivand, Masood S., Rashidi, Alimorad, Rahbar Shamskar, Kobra, Samipoorgiri, Mohammad, Esrafili, Mehdi D., Mohammady Maklavany, Davood, Shafiei-Alavijeh, Marzieh
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adsorption
Asphaltene
Benzene
DFT
Nanoporous carbon
Toluene
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Summary:[Display omitted] •The nanoporous carbons prepared from petroleum waste modified by melamine (M-IANC).•The adsorbents presented great surface area and mesopore volume up to 2693 m2/g and 1.61 cm3/g.•The M-IANC samples contained remarkable N (1.05 wt.%), O (42.19 wt.%) and H (0.47 wt.%) functional groups.•The samples presented Superior performance for benzene and toluene adsorption capacity.•The M-IANCs also demonstrated impressive efficiency in cyclic regenerations at 25 °C. In this work, a series of nanoporous carbon materials were synthesized using Iranian asphaltene as a low-cost carbon source and modified by melamine as a new nitrogen-rich promoter (M-IANC). The adsorption capacity of benzene and toluene on the synthesized M-IANCs was measured at low and high concentrations by an in-house built apparatus. The results demonstrated that the addition of melamine remarkably increased the mesoporous volume (up to 1.61 cm3/g) in the nanoporous carbon structure and, subsequently, created a large surface area (2692 m2/g) and pore volume (1.71 cm3/g). The resulting M-IANC-C nanostructure (melamine:PIA mass ratio of 1:2) depicted 228.18 wt.% and 82.08 wt.% adsorption capacity for benzene and toluene, respectively, which were 19.4 and 2.8 times higher than commercial activated carbon. In addition to the distinguished adsorptive behavior for benzene and toluene removal, M-IANC-C exhibited higher cyclic adsorption capacity than those of unmodified IANC sample after four consecutive cycles. The adsorption mechanism and the role of melamine groups in the adsorption of benzene and toluene were also studied by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Besides the inexpensive cost of the carbon source (asphaltene), results also indicate that the M-IANC can be a suitable candidate for VOC adsorption.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121317