Intestinal proteolytic profile changes during larval development of Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars

Soybean is one of most consumed and produced grains in the world, and Anticarsia gemmatalis is a pest that causes great damage to this crop due to severe defoliation during its larval phase. Plants have mechanisms that lead to the inhibition of proteases in the intestine of these herbivores, hamperi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of insect biochemistry and physiology 2020-01, Vol.103 (1), p.e21631-n/a
Main Authors: Silva Júnior, Neilier R., Vital, Camilo E., Almeida Barros, Rafael, Faustino, Verônica A., Monteiro, Luana P., Barros, Edvaldo, Oliveira, Eugênio E., Oliveira Ramos, Humberto J., Almeida Oliveira, Maria G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
activity
Animals
Anticarsia gemmatalis
Caterpillars
Chymotrypsin
Crop damage
Cysteine
Defoliation
Developmental stages
Digestive system
Digestive tract
Evaluation
Gastrointestinal Tract - enzymology
Gastrointestinal Tract - growth & development
Herbivores
Instars
Intestine
Larva - enzymology
Larva - growth & development
Larval development
Liquid chromatography
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Moths - enzymology
Moths - growth & development
Peptide Hydrolases - chemistry
Peptide Hydrolases - classification
Pest control
Pests
plasticity
Protease
Protease inhibitors
proteases
Proteinase inhibitors
Proteolysis
Serine
Serine proteinase
soybean caterpillar
Soybeans
Substrates
Trypsin
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Summary:Soybean is one of most consumed and produced grains in the world, and Anticarsia gemmatalis is a pest that causes great damage to this crop due to severe defoliation during its larval phase. Plants have mechanisms that lead to the inhibition of proteases in the intestine of these herbivores, hampering their development. Understanding this complex protease inhibitor is important for pest control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic profiles of the intestinal proteases of the soybean caterpillar at different instars. For this, the proteolytic profile of the gut in the third, fourth, and fifth instars were analyzed. Irreversible inhibitors of proteases were separately incubated with A. gemmatalis enzyme extracts at the third, fourth, and fifth instar to assess the contribution of these proteases to total proteolytic activity. The enzymatic extracts were also evaluated with specific substrates to confirm changes in the specific activities of trypsin‐like, chymotrypsin‐like, and cysteine proteases at different instars. The results showed that the protease profile of A. gemmatalis gut changes throughout its larval development. The activity of cysteine proteases was more intense in the first instar. On the contrary, the serine proteases showed major activities in the late stages of the larval phase. Zymogram analysis and protein identification by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry indicated serine protease as the main protease class expressed in the fifth instar. These results may shift the focus from the rational development of the protease inhibitor to A. gemmatalis and other Lepidoptera, as the expression of major proteases is not constant. Zymogram coupled with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry reveals serine protease to be the main class expressed in the fifth instar of the Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars Research Highlights Protease inhibitors as pest control strategy. Serine protease activities in the late developmental stages. Serine proteases as the main class expressed in the fifth instar.
ISSN:0739-4462
1520-6327
DOI:10.1002/arch.21631