Vertical transmission of dengue virus in Aedes aegypti and its role in the epidemiological persistence of dengue in Central and Southern Mexico

Background Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main mosquito species responsible for dengue virus (DENV) transmission to humans in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The role of vertical transmission in the epidemiology of dengue and the maintenance of this arbovirus in nature...

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Published in:Tropical medicine & international health 2019-11, Vol.24 (11), p.1311-1319
Main Authors: Danis‐Lozano, Rogelio, Díaz‐González, Esteban E., Malo‐García, Iliana R., Rodríguez, Mario Henry, Ramos‐Castañeda, José, Juárez‐Palma, Lilia, Ramos, Celso, López‐Ordóñez, Teresa, Mosso‐González, Clemente, Fernández‐Salas, Ildefonso
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adults
Ae. aegypti
Ae. albopictus
Aedes
Aedes aegypti
Aedes albopictus
Aquatic insects
Dengue fever
DENV persistence
Disease transmission
DNA
Dormancy
Eggs
Endemic species
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Human diseases
Immunofluorescence
Infections
Maintenance
Mosquitoes
Nucleotide sequence
PCR
persistance DENV
Pools
Populations
Regions
Serotypes
transmission verticale
Tropical climate
Vector-borne diseases
vertical transmission
Viral diseases
Viruses
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Summary:Background Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are the main mosquito species responsible for dengue virus (DENV) transmission to humans in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The role of vertical transmission in the epidemiology of dengue and the maintenance of this arbovirus in nature during interepidemic periods remain poorly understood, and DENV vertical transmission could sustain the existence of virus reservoirs within Aedes populations. Methods Between April 2011 and October 2012, we monitored vertical transmission of DENV in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in 9 cities of 4 Mexican states. Aedes eggs were collected in ovitraps, then adults were reared under laboratory conditions and their heads were used to infect C6/36 cells. The presence of flavivirus was detected by immunofluorescence assays (IFA), and DENV infection was confirmed by RT‐PCR. Results About 96% of reared adults were Ae. aegypti and 4.0% were Ae. albopictus. No infection was detected in Ae. albopictus, whereas 54 of 713 (7.8%) of Ae. aegypti pools tested positive. A minimum infection rate (MIR) of 2.52 per 1000 mosquitoes was estimated for Ae. aegypti. DENV‐1, DENV‐2 & DENV‐3 serotypes were detected even during interepidemic periods. Conclusions This study reports the evidence of vertical transmission of dengue virus with viral isolation and molecular confirmation in Ae. aegypti eggs collected in four endemic regions of Central and Southern Mexico. Vertical transmission may play a role as a reservoir mechanism during mosquito dormancy in interepidemic periods but with minor participation in transmission during epidemic periods. Transmission verticale du virus de la dengue chez Aedes aegypti et son rôle dans la persistance épidémiologique de la dengue dans le centre et le sud du Mexique Objectif Aedes aegypti et Aedes albopictus sont les principales espèces de moustiques responsables de la transmission du virus de la dengue (DENV) à l'homme dans les régions tropicales et subtropicales du monde. Le rôle de la transmission verticale dans l’épidémiologie de la dengue et le maintien de cet arbovirus dans la nature pendant les périodes d'inter‐épidémiques restent mal compris, et la transmission verticale du DENV pourrait maintenir l'existence de réservoirs de virus au sein des populations d’Aedes. Notre objectif était d’évaluer la transmission verticale du DENV au Mexique. Méthodes Entre avril 2011 et octobre 2012, nous avons surveillé la transmission verticale du DENV chez Ae
ISSN:1360-2276
1365-3156
DOI:10.1111/tmi.13306