Expression of Kisspeptin and its receptor in the hypothalamus of cyclic and acyclic buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Kisspeptin (Kiss1), neurokinin-B (NKB) and dynorphin (Dyn) neurons regulate the surge and pulsatile centres of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus and are modulated by the ovarian steroids. Accordingly, we studied the temporospatial expression of Kiss1, its receptor and other g...

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Published in:Theriogenology 2019-11, Vol.139, p.167-177
Main Authors: Mishra, G.K., Patra, M.K., Singh, L.K., Sheikh, P.A., Upmanyu, V., Chakravarti, S., Karikalan, M., Sonwane, A., Singh, S.K., Das, G.K., Kumar, H., Krishnaswamy, N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Buffalo
Buffaloes
Estrus - metabolism
Female
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus - metabolism
Kisspeptin
Kisspeptins - genetics
Kisspeptins - metabolism
KNDy Pathway
Receptors, Kisspeptin-1 - genetics
Receptors, Kisspeptin-1 - metabolism
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Summary:Kisspeptin (Kiss1), neurokinin-B (NKB) and dynorphin (Dyn) neurons regulate the surge and pulsatile centres of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the hypothalamus and are modulated by the ovarian steroids. Accordingly, we studied the temporospatial expression of Kiss1, its receptor and other genes that regulate GnRH in the preoptic area (POA) and arcuate (ARC) regions of hypothalamus at different phases of bubaline estrous cycle. Brain of buffalo (n = 32) was collected immediately after exsanguination and categorized into early luteal (EL), mid luteal (ML), follicular (FL) stages and acyclic (n = 8/group). Total RNA was extracted from the POA and ARC of each stage and real time PCR amplification of Kiss1, Kiss1r, NKB, NKB receptor (NKBR), Dyn, Dyn receptor (OPRK1), GnRH1, ERα, PR, LEPR and GHSR was done using GAPDH as endogenous control and acyclic stage as calibrator group. Further, immunolocalization of Kiss1 and Kiss1r was done on the hypothalamus. In the POA, significant up-regulation of Kiss1 and NKB with a concomitant down-regulation of Dyn transcripts was recorded at FL stage. There was, however, down-regulation of Kiss1 and Kiss1r during the EL perhaps due to the loss of estradiol as a consequence of ovulation. On the other hand, in the ARC, there was a significant up-regulation of Kiss1 and Dyn at FL and ML, while NKB transcript was consistently down-regulated at any stage of estrous cycle. In the POA, expression of ERα was not modulated; however, PR was down-regulated in the EL. In the ARC, the ERα expression was significantly up-regulated in the EL, whereas, PR was moderately expressed irrespective of the stage of estrous cycle. The immunolocalization study revealed the presence of Kiss1 and Kiss1r in the POA and ARC in the cyclic buffalo with relative abundance at FL. The transcriptional profile of the genes suggests that there is estrous cycle stage specific expression of Kiss1, Kiss1r and other GnRH regulating genes in the POA and ARC regions of hypothalamus in the buffalo. Up-regulation of Kiss1r in the POA during ML and ARC during EL indicates the involvement of kisspeptinergic system in the regulation of low LH pulse frequencies during the early and mid luteal phases in the cyclic buffalo. •Kiss1, Kiss1r and NKB transcripts are up-regulated in POA at follicular and in ARC at mid luteal stage of estrous cycle.•Expression of GnRH1 is not affected by the stage of estrous cycle either at POA or ARC.•Kiss1 and Kiss1r were immunolocalized
ISSN:0093-691X
1879-3231
DOI:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.08.009