Non‐coding RNAs: key players in cardiac disease

Molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure (HF) are only partly understood. Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to control function and signalling routes in the myocardium. As ncRNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) or circular RNAs (circRNAs) can be selectively...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of physiology 2020-07, Vol.598 (14), p.2995-3003
Main Authors: Kreutzer, Fabian Philipp, Fiedler, Jan, Thum, Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardiology
Chemotherapy
Chromatin remodeling
CircRNA
Congestive heart failure
Coronary artery disease
Genome
Heart Diseases - genetics
Heart failure
Humans
LncRNA
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs - genetics
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Myocardium
Non-coding RNA
RNA, Circular
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA, Untranslated - genetics
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Summary:Molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure (HF) are only partly understood. Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been reported to control function and signalling routes in the myocardium. As ncRNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) or circular RNAs (circRNAs) can be selectively targeted via pharmacological approaches, this opens new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Here, we review the main ncRNA classes and how they influence cardiac biology. In addition we provide insight into the role of ncRNAs in chemotherapy‐induced cardiac dysfunction. To provide a better understanding of ncRNAs in cardiovascular biology we present an outlook on specialized functions such as chromatin remodelling, biomarker potential and the recently discovered ncRNA‐derived micropeptides. Non‐coding RNAs and cardiac performance. Besides the well‐studied protein signalling routes in cardiac biology, many ncRNAs play a crucial role in cardiac regulation and are irreplaceable for correct development and homeostasis. Several miRNAs and lncRNAs such as LIPCAR have been identified as potential biomarkers of cardiac disease, while current research looks promising for future clinical evaluation. Also, cardiac regulation such as vascularization (e.g. after myocardial infarction) is highly dependent on ncRNAs, including circRNAs such as cZNF292. In addition, ncRNAs such as the miR132/212 cluster or lncRNA CHAST play a big role in pathological cardiac remodelling establishing another level of ncRNA regulation in cardiac tissue. The image “Heart” by Servier is licensed under CC BY 3.0.
ISSN:0022-3751
1469-7793
DOI:10.1113/JP278131