Relationship between alcohol use, blood pressure and hypertension: an association study and a Mendelian randomisation study

BackgroundPast studies have found a strong relationship between alcohol drinking and human health.MethodsIn this study, we first tested the association of rs671 with alcohol use in 2349 participants in southeast China. We then evaluated the causal impact between alcohol use and cardiovascular traits...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of epidemiology and community health (1979) 2019-09, Vol.73 (9), p.796-801
Main Authors: Zhao, Pian-Pian, Xu, Liang-Wen, Sun, Tao, Wu, Yin-Yin, Zhu, Xiao-Wei, Zhang, Bo, Cheng, Zhi, Cai, Xiao, Liu, Yu-Chao, Zhao, Ting-Ting, Wu, Ting-Ting, Ma, Hai-Yan, Wang, Li, Zhang, Xing-Wei, Yang, Lei, Zheng, Hou-Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects
Alcohol Drinking - ethnology
Alcohol Drinking - genetics
Alcohol use
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD)
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
Alleles
Asian Continental Ancestry Group - genetics
Asian Continental Ancestry Group - psychology
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - genetics
Blood Pressure - physiology
Body mass index
Cancer
Cardiovascular disease
China - epidemiology
Cholesterol
Dehydrogenases
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
Drinking behavior
Enzymes
Epidemiology
Essay
Female
Gene frequency
Genes
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetic testing
Genomes
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - ethnology
Hypertension - etiology
Hypertension - genetics
Male
Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Middle Aged
Phenotype
Polymorphism
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Population
Predictive Value of Tests
Risk Factors
Sensitivity and Specificity
Socioeconomic Factors
Variables
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Summary:BackgroundPast studies have found a strong relationship between alcohol drinking and human health.MethodsIn this study, we first tested the association of rs671 with alcohol use in 2349 participants in southeast China. We then evaluated the causal impact between alcohol use and cardiovascular traits through a Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis.ResultsWe found strong evidence for the association of rs671 in the ALDH2 gene with alcohol drinking (p=6.08×10-47; ORadj G=4.50, 95% CI 3.67 to 5.52). We found that female G carriers of rs671 had a higher proportion of non-drinkers than male G carriers (88.01% vs 38.70%). In non-drinkers, the female G allele frequency was higher than the male G allele frequency (71.1% vs 55.2%). MR analysis suggested that alcohol use had a causal effect on blood pressure (increasing 9.46 mm Hg for systolic blood pressure (p=9.67×10-4) and 7.50 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure (p=9.62×10-5)), and on hypertension in men (p=0.011; OR =1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.36) and in pooled samples (p=0.013; OR =1.20, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.39), but not in women. We did not observe a causal effect of alcohol use on body mass index and lipid levels; further studies are needed to clarify the non-causal relationship.ConclusionsCompared to never-drinkers, current and previous alcohol use had a causal effect on blood pressure and hypertension in pooled samples and in men. These results reflect Chinese culture which does not encourage women to drink.
ISSN:0143-005X
1470-2738
DOI:10.1136/jech-2018-211185