Melorheostosis and Osteopoikilosis Clinical and Molecular Description of an Italian Case Series

Melorheostosis (MEL) is an uncommon, sclerosing disease, characterised by hyperostosis of long bones, resembling the flowing of candle wax. The disease is sporadic and the pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Occasionally, the same family can include individuals with MEL and Osteopoikilosis (OPK...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Calcified tissue international 2019-08, Vol.105 (2), p.215-221
Main Authors:	Gnoli, Maria, Staals, Eric Lodewijk, Campanacci, Laura, Bedeschi, Maria Francesca, Faletra, Flavio, Gallone, Salvatore, Gaudio, Agostino, Mattina, Teresa, Gurrieri, Fiorella, Percesepe, Antonio, Neri, Iria, Virdi, Annalucia, Tremosini, Morena, Milanesi, Annamaria, Brizola, Evelise, Pedrini, Elena, Sangiorgi, Luca
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Bone density Cell Biology Child DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics Endocrinology Female Femur - pathology Germ-Line Mutation Humans Italy - epidemiology Life Sciences Male MAP Kinase Kinase 1 - genetics Melorheostosis Melorheostosis - diagnostic imaging Melorheostosis - genetics Membrane Proteins - genetics Middle Aged Mosaicism Mutation Original Research Orthopedics Osteopoikilosis - diagnostic imaging Osteopoikilosis - genetics Point Mutation Skin diseases Young Adult
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Summary:	Melorheostosis (MEL) is an uncommon, sclerosing disease, characterised by hyperostosis of long bones, resembling the flowing of candle wax. The disease is sporadic and the pathogenesis is still poorly understood. Occasionally, the same family can include individuals with MEL and Osteopoikilosis (OPK), a disease characterised by multiple round foci of increased bone density. LEMD3 gene mutations are related to OPK and Buschke–Ollendorff Syndrome, a genetic condition in which an association between MEL, OPK and skin lesions is observed. In rare cases, LEMD3 mutations and recently mosaic MAP2K1 gene mutations have been correlated to MEL suggesting that somatic mosaicism could be causative of the disease. In this study, we described the clinical, radiological and molecular findings of 19 individuals with MEL and 8 with OPK and compared the results to the medical literature. The molecular analyses of this case series corroborate the available data in the medical literature, indicating that LEMD3 germline mutations are not a major cause of isolated MEL and reporting five further cases of OPK caused by LEMD3 germline mutations.
ISSN:	0171-967X 1432-0827