LncRNAs with miRNAs in regulation of gastric, liver, and colorectal cancers: updates in recent years

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2019-06, Vol.103 (12), p.4649-4677
Main Authors: Tam, Chit, Wong, Jack Ho, Tsui, Stephen Kwok Wing, Zuo, Tao, Chan, Ting Fung, Ng, Tzi Bun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Cancer
Cell cycle
Cell proliferation
Cellular structure
Chromatin
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics
Colorectal Neoplasms - therapy
Computational Biology
Continuity (mathematics)
Development and progression
Epigenetics
Gastric cancer
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Gene Regulatory Networks
Gene silencing
Genetic aspects
Genetic regulation
Glycolysis
Health aspects
Hematopoiesis
Humans
Immunity
Life Sciences
Lipid metabolism
Lipids
Liver cancer
Liver Neoplasms - genetics
Liver Neoplasms - therapy
Metastases
Mice
Microbial Genetics and Genomics
Microbiology
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
Mini-Review
miRNA
Modulators
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Nucleotides
Physiological effects
Proteins
Regulators
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA-mediated interference
Stem cells
Stomach cancer
Stomach Neoplasms - genetics
Stomach Neoplasms - therapy
Transcription activation
Transcriptome
Tumorigenesis
Viability
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Description
Summary:Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge for silencing. LncRNA-protein interaction regulates protein activity in transcriptional activation and silencing. LncRNA guide, decoy, and scaffold regulate transcription regulators of enhancer or repressor region of the coding genes for alteration of expression. LncRNA plays a role in cellular responses including the following activities: regulation of chromatin structural modification and gene expression for epigenetic and cell function control, promotion of hematopoiesis and maturation of immunity, cell programming in stem cell and somatic cell development, modulation of pathogen infection, switching glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and initiation of autoimmune diseases. LncRNA, together with miRNA, are considered the critical elements in cancer development. It has been demonstrated that tumorigenesis could be driven by homeostatic imbalance of lncRNA/miRNA/cancer regulatory factors resulting in biochemical and physiological alterations inside the cells. Cancer-driven lncRNAs with other cellular RNAs, epigenetic modulators, or protein effectors may change gene expression level and affect the viability, immortality, and motility of the cells that facilitate cancer cell cycle rearrangement, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Molecular medicine will be the future trend for development. LncRNA/miRNA could be one of the potential candidates in this category. Continuous studies in lncRNA functional discrepancy between cancer cells and normal cells and regional and rational genetic differences of lncRNA profiles are critical for clinical research which is beneficial for clinical practice.
ISSN:0175-7598
1432-0614
DOI:10.1007/s00253-019-09837-5