Glycerol monolaurate nanocapsules for biomedical applications: in vitro toxicological studies

The glycerol monolaurate (GML) is a surfactant used in the food industry and has potent antimicrobial activity against many microorganisms; however, the use of GML is not expanded due its high melting point and poor solubility in water. The aim of the study was to produce, characterize, and evaluate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 2019-09, Vol.392 (9), p.1131-1140
Main Authors: Lopes, Leonardo Quintana Soares, de Oliveira, Pablo Sebastian Britto, de Souza Filho, Walter Paixão, de Almeida Vaucher, Rodrigo, Giongo, Janice Luehring, Sagrillo, Michele Rorato, Santos, Roberto Christ Vianna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Comet assay
Cytotoxicity
Dehydrogenase
Dehydrogenases
Epithelial cells
Erythrocytes
Food industry
Food processing industry
Genotoxicity
Glycerol
L-Lactate dehydrogenase
Lactic acid
Leukocytes (mononuclear)
Lipid peroxidation
Melting points
Microorganisms
Neurosciences
Original Article
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Peroxidation
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Polydispersity
Protectors
Thiobarbituric acid
Toxicity testing
Vero cells
Viability
Zeta potential
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Summary:The glycerol monolaurate (GML) is a surfactant used in the food industry and has potent antimicrobial activity against many microorganisms; however, the use of GML is not expanded due its high melting point and poor solubility in water. The aim of the study was to produce, characterize, and evaluate in vitro the cytotoxicity of GML and GML nanocapsules. The GML nanocapsules were produced and characterized by a mean diameter, zeta potential, and polydispersity index. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and hemolytic activity. The genotoxicity was verified by comet assay. The physicochemical parameters showed a mean diameter of 192.5 ± 2.8 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.061 ± 0.018, and a zeta potential about − 21.9 ± 1 mV. The viability test demonstrated the protector effect of GML nanocapsule compared with the GML on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and VERO cells (isolated from kidney epithelial cells extracted from an African green monkey). A reduction in lipid peroxidation and lactate dehydrogenase release in GML nanocapsule–exposed cells compared with GML treated cells was observed. The damage on erythrocytes was addressed in treatment with GML, while the treatment with GML nanocapsules did not cause an effect. Moreover, the comet assay showed that the GML-caused genotoxicity and GML nanocapsules do not demonstrate damage. The study showed the reduction of toxicity of GML nanocapsules by many methods used in antimicrobial therapy.
ISSN:0028-1298
1432-1912
DOI:10.1007/s00210-019-01663-w