Comparison of the Allergenic Potency of House Dust Extract and House Dust Mite Allergen Extract for Subcutaneous Allergen Immunotherapy

Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) with non-standardized house dust (HD) extracts has been used in Japan since 1963 for house dust mite (HDM)-allergic patients. Since the potencies of HD extracts are unknown, the allergenic potency of HD extracts was examined by comparing with a standardized...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 2019/04/01, Vol.42(4), pp.601-606
Main Authors: Du, Weibin, Fukano, Chiharu, Yonemoto, Mari, Matsuoka, Tomokazu, Masuyama, Keisuke, Ohashi-Doi, Katsuyo
Format: Article
Language:eng ; jpn
Subjects:
allergen immunotherapy
allergenic potency
Allergens
Allergens - analysis
Allergens - immunology
Allergies
Animals
Antigens, Dermatophagoides - analysis
Antigens, Dermatophagoides - immunology
Arthropod Proteins - analysis
Arthropod Proteins - immunology
Complex Mixtures - analysis
Complex Mixtures - pharmacology
Cysteine Endopeptidases - analysis
Cysteine Endopeptidases - immunology
Der f 1 antigen
Der p 1 antigen
Desensitization, Immunologic
Dust
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
House dust
house dust mite
Housing
Immunoglobulin E
Immunoglobulin E - immunology
Immunotherapy
Injections, Subcutaneous
Pyroglyphidae - immunology
Regression analysis
standardized allergen
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Summary:Subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) with non-standardized house dust (HD) extracts has been used in Japan since 1963 for house dust mite (HDM)-allergic patients. Since the potencies of HD extracts are unknown, the allergenic potency of HD extracts was examined by comparing with a standardized HDM allergen extracts. The major allergen content of HDM in the extracts was measured using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The immunoglobulin E (IgE) inhibitory activities of the extracts were measured by a competitive ELISA. The extract concentrations giving 50% inhibition of IgE binding (log10 IC50) were determined from dose–response curves and defined as inhibitory activities. A linear regression line was constructed from the log10 IC50 values of the standardized HDM extract to interpolate the relative potency of the HD extract with strength of 1 : 10 w/v (HD 1 : 10). The amounts of major allergens (Der f 1, Der p 1 and Der 2) were 116.3 µg/mL in the HDM allergen extract (100000 Japanese Allergy Units [JAU]/mL) and 0.77 µg/mL in the HD 1 : 10. The inhibitory activity (log10 IC50 values) of HD 1 : 10 was 2.389 ± 0.078, indicating the allergenic potency was between 200 and 2000 JAU/mL. Based on regression analysis (R2 >0.99), the allergenic potency of HD 1 : 10 was estimated to be 842 ± 128 JAU/mL. The present study determined the major allergen content of HD extract, which contributes to its allergenic potency. The allergenic potency of HD 1 : 10 was ca. 100-fold less than that of HDM allergen extract.
ISSN:0918-6158
1347-5215
DOI:10.1248/bpb.b18-00710