A meta‐analysis of whole genome duplication and the effects on flowering traits in plants

Premise of the Study Polyploidy, or whole genome duplication (WGD), is common in plants despite theory suggesting that polyploid establishment is challenging and polyploids should be evolutionarily transitory. There is renewed interest in understanding the mechanisms that could facilitate polyploid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of botany 2019-03, Vol.106 (3), p.469-476
Main Authors: Porturas, Laura D., Anneberg, Thomas J., Curé, Anne E., Wang, Shengpei, Althoff, David M., Segraves, Kari A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiosperms
Assortative mating
effect size
floral display
floral evolution
floral phenotype
flower
Flowering
Flowers - genetics
Flowers - growth & development
Flowers - physiology
Gene Duplication
Genomes
gigas
Literature reviews
Magnoliopsida - genetics
Magnoliopsida - growth & development
Magnoliopsida - physiology
Meta-analysis
minority cytotype exclusion
Morphology
neopolyploidy
Parents
Phenology
Phenotypic variations
Plants (botany)
Pollen
Polyploidy
Reproduction (copying)
Reproduction - physiology
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Summary:Premise of the Study Polyploidy, or whole genome duplication (WGD), is common in plants despite theory suggesting that polyploid establishment is challenging and polyploids should be evolutionarily transitory. There is renewed interest in understanding the mechanisms that could facilitate polyploid establishment and explain their pervasiveness in nature. In particular, premating isolation from their diploid progenitors is suggested to be a crucial factor. To evaluate how changes in assortative mating occur, we need to understand the phenotypic effects of WGD on reproductive traits. Methods We used literature surveys and a meta‐analysis to assess how WGD affects floral morphology, flowering phenology, and reproductive output in plants. We focused specifically on comparisons of newly generated polyploids (neopolyploids) and their parents to mitigate potential confounding effects of adaptation and drift that may be present in ancient polyploids. Key Results The results indicated that across a broad representation of angiosperms, floral morphology traits increased in size, reproductive output decreased, and flowering phenology was unaffected by WGD. Additionally, we found that increased trait variation after WGD was uncommon for the phenotypic traits examined. Conclusions Our results suggest that the phenotypic effects on traits important to premating isolation of neopolyploids are small, in general. Changes in flowering phenology, reproductive output, and phenotypic variation resulting from WGD may be less critical in facilitating premating isolation and neopolyploid establishment. However, floral traits for which size is an important component of function (e.g., pollen transfer) could be strongly influenced by WGD.
ISSN:0002-9122
1537-2197
DOI:10.1002/ajb2.1258