Different patterns of movement-related cortical oscillations in patients with myoclonus and in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia

•EEG oscillations related to Go/No-go tasks are distinctive in patients with myoclonus or ataxia.•Patients with myoclonus show abnormal desynchronization/synchronization due to defective inhibition.•Patients with ataxia show a defect in the lateralization of the desynchronization. To assess whether...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical neurophysiology 2019-05, Vol.130 (5), p.714-721
Main Authors: Visani, E., Mariotti, C., Nanetti, L., Mongelli, A., Castaldo, A., Panzica, F., Franceschetti, S., Canafoglia, L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Ataxia
Cerebral Cortex - physiopathology
Cortical Synchronization - physiology
Electroencephalography
Electromyography
EPM1
ERD/ERS analysis
Evoked Potentials - physiology
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Motor Activity - physiology
Movement - physiology
Myoclonus
Myoclonus - physiopathology
Reaction Time - physiology
SCA
Spinocerebellar Ataxias - physiopathology
Young Adult
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Summary:•EEG oscillations related to Go/No-go tasks are distinctive in patients with myoclonus or ataxia.•Patients with myoclonus show abnormal desynchronization/synchronization due to defective inhibition.•Patients with ataxia show a defect in the lateralization of the desynchronization. To assess whether different patterns of EEG rhythms during a Go/No-go motor task characterize patients with cortical myoclonus (EPM1) or with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). We analyzed event-related desynchronization (ERD) and synchronization (ERS) in the alpha and beta-bands during visually cued Go/No-go task in 22 patients (11 with EPM1, 11 with SCA) and 11 controls. In the Go condition, the only significant difference was a reduced contralateral beta-ERS in the EPM1 patients compared with controls; in the No-go condition, the EPM1 patients showed prolonged alpha-ERD in comparison with both controls and SCA patients, and reduced or delayed alpha- and beta-ERS in comparison with controls. In both conditions, the SCA patients, unlike EPM1 patients and controls, showed minimal or absent lateralization of alpha- and beta-ERD. EPM1 patients showed abnormal ERD/ERS dynamics, whereas SCA patients mainly showed defective ERD lateralization. A different behavior of ERS/ERD distinguished the two patient groups: the pattern observed in EPM1 suggests a prominent defect of inhibition occurring in motor cortex contralateral to activated segment, whereas the pattern observed in SCA suggested a defective lateralization attributable to the damage of cerebello-cortical network, which is instead marginal in patients with cortical myoclonus.
ISSN:1388-2457
1872-8952
DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2019.01.021