IL-10 is associated with increased mu-opioid receptor levels in major depressive disorder

Activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory system (CIRS) and aberrations in endogenous opioids play a role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). There are no studies which examined the associations between both systems in M...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European psychiatry 2019-04, Vol.57, p.46-51
Main Authors: Al-Fadhel, Suhaer Zeki, Al-Hakeim, Hussein Kadhem, Al-Dujaili, Arafat Hussein, Maes, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
beta-Endorphin
Case-Control Studies
Depression - metabolism
Depressive Disorder, Major - metabolism
Endomorphin-2
Humans
IL-10
IL-6
Immune
Inflammation
Interleukin-10 - metabolism
Male
Oligopeptides - metabolism
Receptors, Opioid, mu - metabolism
β-Endorphin
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Summary:Activation of the immune-inflammatory response system (IRS) and the compensatory immune-regulatory system (CIRS) and aberrations in endogenous opioids play a role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). There are no studies which examined the associations between both systems in MDD. The aim of the present study was to examine the relation between β-Endorphin (β-EP), Endomorphin-2, and their mu-opioid receptor (MOR) as well as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, in MDD patients. The study included 60 depressed drug-free male patients and 30 matched controls. Serum β-EP, Endomorphin-2, MOR, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were measured using ELISA techniques. The results revealed a significant increase in serum β-EP, MOR, IL-6 and IL-10 in MDD patients versus healthy controls. MOR levels were strongly associated with IL-10 levels. There were no significant correlations between endogenous opioids and IL-6 and IL-10. The results show that MOR levels may function as a possible component of the CIRS whilst there is no evidence that β-EP and EM-2 may modify the IRS. The significant correlation between MOR levels and IL-10 may be explained through central activation of the HPA-axis and increased B-cell numbers expressing MOR as a response to cytokine over-secretion in MDD.
ISSN:0924-9338
1778-3585
DOI:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.10.001