Manipulating the Microbiome With Fecal Transplantation to Treat Ulcerative Colitis

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is multifactorial, resulting from a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, immune dysregulation, and microorganisms within the intestine. Available therapies have focused almost exclusively on suppressing the aberrant host immune response...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2019-01, Vol.321 (2), p.151-152
Main Authors: Kelly, Colleen R, Ananthakrishnan, Ashwin N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anxiety
Biodiversity
Biological products
Colitis, Ulcerative
Environmental factors
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Health risks
Humans
Immune response
Immune system
Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Malignancy
Medical treatment
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Patients
Species diversity
Transplantation
Ulcerative colitis
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Summary:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is multifactorial, resulting from a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, immune dysregulation, and microorganisms within the intestine. Available therapies have focused almost exclusively on suppressing the aberrant host immune response. Although biologic agents have improved the clinical outcomes for patients with Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis, concerns related to risk of infection and malignancy cause anxiety for clinicians and patients, who must be treated with these medications long-term. Patients with IBD have been shown to have alterations in gut microbiota such as lower diversity of microorganisms and increased numbers of proinflammatory and enteroadherent bacterial species, but whether these alterations are a cause or consequence of the disease state is unclear.
ISSN:0098-7484
1538-3598
DOI:10.1001/jama.2018.20397