Elucidating the Distribution of Plant Metabolites from Native Tissues with Laser Desorption Low-Temperature Plasma Mass Spectrometry Imaging

Secondary metabolites of plants have important biological functions, which often depend on their localization in tissues. Ideally, a fresh untreated material should be directly analyzed to obtain a realistic view of the true sample chemistry. Therefore, there is a large interest for ambient mass-spe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2019-02, Vol.91 (4), p.2734-2743
Main Authors: Moreno-Pedraza, Abigail, Rosas-Román, Ignacio, Garcia-Rojas, Nancy Shyrley, Guillén-Alonso, Héctor, Ovando-Vázquez, Cesaré, Díaz-Ramírez, David, Cuevas-Contreras, Jessica, Vergara, Fredd, Marsch-Martínez, Nayelli, Molina-Torres, Jorge, Winkler, Robert
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alkaloids
Alkaloids - analysis
Alkaloids - metabolism
Analytical chemistry
Cactaceae - chemistry
Cactaceae - metabolism
Chemistry
Cold Temperature
Continuous radiation
Datura stramonium - chemistry
Datura stramonium - metabolism
Desorption
Equipment Design
Imaging
Ionization
Lasers
Localization
Low temperature
Mapping
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Mescaline
Mescaline - analysis
Mescaline - metabolism
Metabolites
Modular design
Natural products
Nicotiana - chemistry
Nicotiana - metabolism
Nicotine
Nicotine - analysis
Nicotine - metabolism
Organic chemistry
Plants (botany)
Scientific imaging
Secondary metabolites
Seedlings
Seeds
Seeds - chemistry
Seeds - metabolism
Semiconductor lasers
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization - instrumentation
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization - methods
Spectroscopy
Three dimensional printing
Tissues
Tobacco
Tropane
Tropane alkaloids
Ultraviolet lasers
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Description
Summary:Secondary metabolites of plants have important biological functions, which often depend on their localization in tissues. Ideally, a fresh untreated material should be directly analyzed to obtain a realistic view of the true sample chemistry. Therefore, there is a large interest for ambient mass-spectrometry-based imaging (MSI) methods. Our aim was to simplify this technology and to find an optimal combination of desorption/ionization principles for a fast ambient MSI of macroscopic plant samples. We coupled a 405 nm continuous wave (CW) ultraviolet (UV) diode laser to a three-dimensionally (3D) printed low-temperature plasma (LTP) probe. By moving the sample with a RepRap-based sampling stage, we could perform imaging of samples up to 16 × 16 cm2. We demonstrate the system performance by mapping mescaline in a San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi) cross section, tropane alkaloids in jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) fruits and seeds, and nicotine in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) seedlings. In all cases, the anatomical regions of enriched compound concentrations were correctly depicted. The modular design of the laser desorption (LD)-LTP MSI platform, which is mainly assembled from commercial and 3D-printed components, facilitates its adoption by other research groups. The use of the CW-UV laser for desorption enables fast imaging measurements. A complete tobacco seedling with an image size of 9.2 × 15.0 mm2 was analyzed at a pixel size of 100 × 100 μm2 (14 043 mass scans), in less than 2 h. Natural products can be measured directly from native tissues, which inspires a broad use of LD-LTP MSI in plant chemistry studies.
ISSN:0003-2700
1520-6882
DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04406