Evaluation of calcium excretion in Brazilian infantile and young population environmentally exposed to lead

Lead exposure is an important issue in the research of several toxic effects resulting from the biochemical interaction between this metal and the organism. Calcium is a fundamental mineral for the maintenance of the organism homeostasis where there is interaction between lead and calcium in metabol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Human & experimental toxicology 2009-09, Vol.28 (9), p.567-575
Main Authors: Oliveira da Costa Mattos, Rita de Cássia, Xavier, Ely Caetano, Domingos Mainenti, Helena Ramirez, Mitri Nogueira, Simone, Ribeiro de Carvalho, Márcia Aparecida, Ramos Moreira, Maria de Fátima, Vargas de Carvalho, Leandro Barreto, Tabalipa, Mariane, Borges, Renato, Malizia Alves, Maria de Fátima
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Biological and medical sciences
Brazil
Calcium
Calcium - metabolism
Calcium - urine
Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases
Child
Child, Preschool
Children & youth
Creatinine - urine
Environmental Exposure - analysis
Environmental Pollutants - analysis
Environmental Pollutants - blood
Environmental Pollutants - urine
Female
Human exposure
Humans
Infant
Lead - analysis
Lead - blood
Lead - urine
Lead poisoning
Male
Medical sciences
Metals and various inorganic compounds
Nutritional Status
Social Class
Toxicology
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Summary:Lead exposure is an important issue in the research of several toxic effects resulting from the biochemical interaction between this metal and the organism. Calcium is a fundamental mineral for the maintenance of the organism homeostasis where there is interaction between lead and calcium in metabolic pathways. Environmental lead exposure by verifying the usefulness and applicability of urinary calcium/creatinine ratio (UCa/Cr) in this context was evaluated. This was an extensive socio-demographic study of the nutritional profile, lead exposure biomarkers in blood and the urine and UCa/Cr ratio. The children studied were from a low socio-economic group characterized by unsatisfactory nutritional diet. Lead environmental exposure was shown by biomarkers, with UCa/Cr ratio having positive and significant correlations with both lead and δ-aminolevulinic acid in urine (ALA-U), without colinearity diagnosis. There was a strong association between calcium excretion and lead exposure as a result of linear regression construction models. In children, lead increases calcium excretion which is an additional risk to infantile health. Urinary calcium/creatinine ratio may be a useful tool in the biological monitoring of lead exposure and health promotion programs.
ISSN:0960-3271
1477-0903
DOI:10.1177/0960327109102804