Efficacy of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with fatty fish in ameliorating inflammation in paediatric asthma: a randomised controlled trial

Background Childhood asthma is the most common respiratory disorder worldwide, being associated with increased morbidity and a decreased quality of life. Omega‐3 fatty acids have anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulating properties; however, their efficacy in asthma is controversial. The present study...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of human nutrition and dietetics 2019-04, Vol.32 (2), p.185-197
Main Authors: Papamichael, M. M., Katsardis, Ch, Lambert, K., Tsoukalas, D., Koutsilieris, M., Erbas, B., Itsiopoulos, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Body mass
Body mass index
Body size
bronchial inflammation
Children
Clinical trials
Confidence intervals
Diet
Effectiveness
Fatty acids
fatty fish
Fish
Inflammation
Intervention
Meals
Medical research
Morbidity
Nitric oxide
omega‐3 fatty acids
Physical activity
Pulmonary functions
Quality of life
Randomization
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory function
Respiratory tract
Respiratory tract diseases
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Summary:Background Childhood asthma is the most common respiratory disorder worldwide, being associated with increased morbidity and a decreased quality of life. Omega‐3 fatty acids have anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulating properties; however, their efficacy in asthma is controversial. The present study aimed to examine the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with a high omega‐3 ‘fatty’ fish intake in Greek asthmatic children. Methods A single‐centred, 6‐month, parallel randomised controlled trial compared the consumption of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with two meals of 150 g of cooked fatty fish weekly (intervention) with the usual diet (control) with respect to pulmonary function in children (aged 5–12 years) with mild asthma. Pulmonary function was assessed using spirometry and bronchial inflammation by fractional exhaled nitric oxide analysis. Results Sixty‐four children (52% male, 48% female) successfully completed the trial. Fatty fish intake increased in the intervention group from 17 g day−1 at baseline to 46 g day−1 at 6 months (P 
ISSN:0952-3871
1365-277X
DOI:10.1111/jhn.12609