Epidemiological survey on cystic echinococcosis in wild boar from Central Italy

Despite the wide distribution of wild boar populations in Italy and the increase of its diffusion in urbanized areas, only one case report has described the occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. in a wild boar from Marche (Central Italy). The present study investigated the presence of E. granul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Parasitology research (1987) 2019-01, Vol.118 (1), p.43-46
Main Authors: Paoletti, Barbara, Della Salda, Leonardo, Di Cesare, Angela, Iorio, Raffaella, Vergara, Alberto, Fava, Camilla, Olivastri, Alberto, Dessì, Giorgia, Scala, Antonio, Varcasia, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Coinfection - epidemiology
Coinfection - parasitology
Coinfection - veterinary
Cysts
Cytochrome-c oxidase
Echinococcosis
Echinococcosis - epidemiology
Echinococcosis - parasitology
Echinococcosis - veterinary
Echinococcus granulosus - genetics
Echinococcus granulosus - isolation & purification
Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics
Genotype
Genotypes
Health aspects
Hogs
Hunting
Immunology
Italy - epidemiology
Livestock
Medical Microbiology
Microbiology
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial Proteins - genetics
Mixed infection
NADH
NADH dehydrogenase
Original Paper
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Public health
Statistics
Surveys and Questionnaires
Sus scrofa
Sus scrofa - parasitology
Swine
Swine Diseases - epidemiology
Swine Diseases - parasitology
Wild boars
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Summary:Despite the wide distribution of wild boar populations in Italy and the increase of its diffusion in urbanized areas, only one case report has described the occurrence of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. in a wild boar from Marche (Central Italy). The present study investigated the presence of E. granulosus sensu lato with an epidemiological survey on wild boars from central Italy that had been killed during hunting season. Seven hundred sixty-five (765) adult wild boars were examined during the 2016–2017 hunting season. Of these animals, 1.0% (8/765) were positive to E. granulosus s.l. with a fertility of 0.3% (2/765), and 2.9% animals (22/765) were positive for the metacestode stage of Taenia hydatigena ( Cysticercus tenuicollis ), while 0.5% (4/765) showed mixed infection ( E. granulosus s.l. + T. hydatigena ). Sixteen hydatids were found, of which 12.5% were fertile, 37.5% were sterile, 31.3% were caseous, and 18.8% were calcified. Eight hydatids (two fertile and six sterile cysts) were molecularly characterized by analysis of the mitochondrial gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ( cox 1), and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1). Hydatids found in wild boars were characterized as E. granulosus sensu stricto (G1 genotype). The present survey represents the first epidemiological study on cystic echinococcosis in wild boar in Italy which highlights the need for more extensive epidemiological investigations to determine the causal factors, economic impact, and public health importance of the disease in this livestock-wildlife setting.
ISSN:0932-0113
1432-1955
DOI:10.1007/s00436-018-6112-3