Overexpression of P2X4 receptor in Schwann cells promotes motor and sensory functional recovery and remyelination via BDNF secretion after nerve injury

Of the seven P2X receptor subtypes, P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is widely distributed in the central nervous system, including in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. Accumulating evidence supports roles for P2X4R in the central nervous system, including regulating cell excitability, synaptic transmission,...

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Published in:Glia 2019-01, Vol.67 (1), p.78-90
Main Authors: Su, Wen‐Feng, Wu, Fan, Jin, Zi‐Han, Gu, Yun, Chen, Ying‐Ting, Fei, Ying, Chen, Hui, Wang, Ya‐Xian, Xing, Ling‐Yan, Zhao, Ya‐Yu, Yuan, Ying, Tang, Xin, Chen, Gang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Astrocytes
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Central nervous system
Excitability
Injuries
Lysosomes
Microglia
Motors
Myelination
nerve injury
Nerves
Nervous system
P2X4R
Pain
Peripheral nervous system
Peripheral neuropathy
Protein biosynthesis
Proteins
Recovery
Recovery of function
Regrowth
Schwann cell
Schwann cells
Secretion
Synaptic transmission
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Summary:Of the seven P2X receptor subtypes, P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) is widely distributed in the central nervous system, including in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. Accumulating evidence supports roles for P2X4R in the central nervous system, including regulating cell excitability, synaptic transmission, and neuropathic pain. However, little information is available about the distribution and function of P2X4R in the peripheral nervous system. In this study, we find that P2X4R is mainly localized in the lysosomes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. In cultured Schwann cells, TNF‐a not only enhances the synthesis of P2X4R protein but also promotes P2X4R trafficking to the surface of Schwann cells. TNF‐a‐induced BDNF secretion in Schwann cells is P2X4R dependent. in vivo experiments reveal that expression of P2X4R in Schwann cells of injured nerves is strikingly upregulated following nerve crush injury. Moreover, overexpression of P2X4R in Schwann cells by genetic manipulation promotes motor and sensory functional recovery and accelerates nerve remyelination via BDNF release following nerve injury. Our results suggest that enhancement of P2X4R expression in Schwann cells after nerve injury may be an effective approach to facilitate the regrowth and remyelination of injured nerves. Main Points P2X4R is mainly localized in the lysosomes of Schwann cells and the expression of P2X4R in Schwann cells is strikingly upregulated following nerve crush injury. Overexpression of P2X4R in Schwann cells by genetic manipulation promotes motor and sensory functional recovery as well as accelerates nerve remyelination via BDNF release following nerve injury.
ISSN:0894-1491
1098-1136
DOI:10.1002/glia.23527