Cryopreservation of female reproductive potential

Storing female reproductive potential can offer enhanced prospects for future conception in women whose fertility is threatened by cytotoxic therapies. Human female reproductive potential can be cryopreserved and stored at very low temperatures as embryos or gametes. Gamete (oocyte) cryopreservation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology 2019-02, Vol.55, p.23-36
Main Authors: Gook, Debra A., Edgar, David H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cryopreservation
Cryopreservation - methods
Female
Fertility preservation
Fertility Preservation - methods
Human ovarian tissue
Humans
In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques
Infertility, Female - etiology
Infertility, Female - physiopathology
Infertility, Female - therapy
In vitro maturation (IVM)
Malignant contamination
Neoplasms - complications
Oocyte vitrification
Oocytes
Ovarian Follicle
Ovary - physiopathology
Reproduction
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Summary:Storing female reproductive potential can offer enhanced prospects for future conception in women whose fertility is threatened by cytotoxic therapies. Human female reproductive potential can be cryopreserved and stored at very low temperatures as embryos or gametes. Gamete (oocyte) cryopreservation circumvents potential issues associated with ownership when future use is being considered and may, therefore, be more generally acceptable as an approach. Advances in the technology, in particular the clinical application of vitrification, have significantly improved the outcomes from mature oocyte cryopreservation, which are now comparable to those from embryo cryopreservation. In cases where mature oocyte cryopreservation is not feasible, ovarian cortex containing primordial follicles can be cryopreserved, and over 100 births have now been reported following grafting of stored ovarian tissue. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is now an established approach to preserve future fertility for young women; however, the efficiency is difficult to determine particularly for the prepubertal tissue with a scarcity of data. •Oocyte vitrification offers women the best option to preserve fertility.•Ovarian tissue cryopreservation using a slow cooling preserves large numbers of primordial follicles.•There is a potential risk of malignant contamination within the ovarian tissue removed from patients with cancer.
ISSN:1521-6934
1532-1932
DOI:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.08.005