Exposure to herbicides reduces larval sensitivity to insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Herbicides and insecticides are widely used in modern agriculture. It has been reported in various studies that application of insecticides can increase tolerance of herbivorous insects to insecticides. However, limited information exists on susceptibility to insecticides when insects are exposed to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Insect science 2019-08, Vol.26 (4), p.711-720
Main Authors: Liu, Shi‐Wei, Elzaki, Mohammed Esmail Abdalla, Staehelin, Christian, Ma, Zhi‐Hui, Qin, Zhong, Wang, Rui‐Long
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid
Acetylcholinesterase
Acetylcholinesterase - metabolism
Agrochemicals
Animals
Butterflies & moths
Carboxylesterase
Cyhalothrin
Cytochrome
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - metabolism
Cytochrome P450
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase
Cytochromes P450
Data processing
Detoxification
Drug Interactions
Exposure
Fat body
Gene expression
Gene Expression - drug effects
Genes
Genes, Insect
Glutathione
Glutathione Transferase - metabolism
Herbicides
Inactivation, Metabolic
insecticide detoxification
insecticide susceptibility
Insecticides
Insects
Larva - drug effects
Larva - enzymology
Larvae
Midgut
Phoxim
Sodium
Sodium salts
Spodoptera - drug effects
Spodoptera - enzymology
Spodoptera litura
Toxicity Tests
Trifluralin
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Summary:Herbicides and insecticides are widely used in modern agriculture. It has been reported in various studies that application of insecticides can increase tolerance of herbivorous insects to insecticides. However, limited information exists on susceptibility to insecticides when insects are exposed to herbicides. This study was conducted to investigate the potential impact of the herbicides trifluralin and 2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium salt (MCPA‐Na) on the susceptibility of the nocturnal moth Spodoptera litura to the insecticides λ‐cyhalothrin, phoxim and bifenthrin. We found that larvae exposed to trifluralin or MCPA‐Na became significantly less susceptible to both insecticides than non‐exposed control larvae. Herbicide‐treated larvae did not show altered growth under the used test conditions. However, heads of herbicide‐treated larvae showed increased expression of the acetylcholinesterase genes SlAce1 and SlAce2. Moreover, the fat body and midgut of herbicide‐treated larvae displayed elevated expression of detoxification genes (the carboxylesterase gene SlCarE; the glutathione S‐transferase genes SlGSTe2 and SlGSTe3; the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase genes CYP6B48, CYP9A40 and CYP321B1). The CYP6B48 gene exhibited highest inducibility. In conclusion, the data of this study suggest that exposure of S. litura larvae to herbicides may stimulate detoxification mechanisms that compromise the efficacy of insecticides.
ISSN:1672-9609
1744-7917
DOI:10.1111/1744-7917.12642