Carotid stiffness and atherosclerotic risk: non-invasive quantification with ultrafast ultrasound pulse wave velocity

Objectives To evaluate the value of ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) for the quantitative assessment of carotid stiffness and its associated with atherosclerosis (AS) risk. Methods The present study included 233 patients with hyperlipoidaemia (AS risk group) and 114 healthy adults as the contro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:European radiology 2019-03, Vol.29 (3), p.1507-1517
Main Authors: Zhu, Zheng-Qiu, Chen, Ling-Shan, Wang, Han, Liu, Fu-Ming, Luan, Yun, Wu, Lin-Lin, Liu, Niu, Wang, Pin, Huang, Hui
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Age
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - diagnostic imaging
Atherosclerosis - physiopathology
Carotid Arteries - diagnostic imaging
Carotid Arteries - physiopathology
Carotid Artery Diseases - diagnostic imaging
Carotid Artery Diseases - physiopathology
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Correlation analysis
Diagnostic Radiology
Early Diagnosis
Female
Humans
Imaging
Internal Medicine
Interventional Radiology
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Middle Aged
Neuroradiology
Patients
Prospective Studies
Pulse Wave Analysis
Radiology
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Risk management
Stiffness
Subgroups
Systole
Ultrasonography
Ultrasound
Vascular Stiffness
Velocity
Wave velocity
Young Adult
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Summary:Objectives To evaluate the value of ultrafast pulse wave velocity (ufPWV) for the quantitative assessment of carotid stiffness and its associated with atherosclerosis (AS) risk. Methods The present study included 233 patients with hyperlipoidaemia (AS risk group) and 114 healthy adults as the control group. The carotid ( n = 694) intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity-beginning of systole (PWV-BS) and pulse wave velocity-end of systole (PWV-ES) were measured on sample images. Differences, distributive characteristics and correlation evaluation were assessed in patients (ages 18–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69 and ≥70) and carotids (control group vs AS risk group). Results The cIMT, PWV-BS and PWV-ES increased with age; PWV-ES and cIMT showed an early significant increase in the 30–39 years group, whereas PWV-BS displayed a significant increase at 40–49 years compared with the 18- to 29-years group. Besides, PWV-ES correlated well with age compared with PWV-BS and cIMT. For carotid level, cIMT, PWV-BS and PWV-ES measurements were higher in the AS risk group compared with control. To compare the value of ufPWV and cIMT in early AS assessment, we subdivided groups into cIMT subgroups using a cut-off thickness of 0.050 cm. PWV-ES measurements were higher in the AS risk group compared with the control in the 0.040–0.050 cm (not thickened) and 0.051–0.060 cm (thickened) cIMT subgroups. Conclusions Carotid ufPWV measurement at PWV-ES is a novel modality for the early diagnosis and quantitative assessment of arterial stiffness associated with atherosclerotic risk. Key Points • ufPWV technique is real-time and well repeatable for assessing carotid stiffness • ufPWV measurements increase and correlate well with age • PWV-ES is a quantitative predictor for the early assessment of AS
ISSN:0938-7994
1432-1084
DOI:10.1007/s00330-018-5705-7