Plant protein ingredients with lysine supplementation reduce dietary protein level in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets, and reduce ammonia nitrogen and soluble phosphorus excretion

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of lysine supplementation on the reduction of dietary crude protein (CP), and reductions of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and soluble phosphorus (soluble-P) discharged into water by rainbow trout. In Experiment 1, eight diets were prepared, such...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquaculture 2003-03, Vol.218 (1), p.553-565
Main Authors: Cheng, Zongjia J, Hardy, Ronald W, Usry, James L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal aquaculture
Animal productions
Biological and medical sciences
Brackish
Fish meal
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Lysine
Marine
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Pisciculture
Plant protein meal
Rainbow trout
Soluble phosphorus
Total ammonia nitrogen
Vertebrate aquaculture
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Summary:Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of lysine supplementation on the reduction of dietary crude protein (CP), and reductions of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) and soluble phosphorus (soluble-P) discharged into water by rainbow trout. In Experiment 1, eight diets were prepared, such that Diet 1 contained 32.8% fish meal, 42% CP and 2.1% lysine. Diet 2 had the same amount of fish meal and lysine as in Diet 1, but only 37% CP. Diets 3–8 contained 16.4% fish meal, 37% CP, and 1.5%, 1.65%, 1.8%, 1.95%, 2.1%, and 2.25% lysine, respectively. Rainbow trout (initial body weight: 26.9±0.2 g) were randomly assigned to triplicate tanks per diet with 50 fish per tank. After an 8-week feeding trial, weight gains were 112.5, 111.8, 87.5, 94.4, 103.0, 105.7, 101.8, and 102.6 g; feed conversion ratios were 0.99, 1.01, 1.16, 1.15, 1.10, 1.08, 1.10, and 1.09 g feed/g gain for fish fed diets 1–8, respectively. Survival was greater than 99% for all treatments. In Experiment 2, 130 fish (102.4±8.3 g) per tank were moved to flowing water tanks (140 l) and fed the same diets as in Experiment 1 for 1 week, and then TAN and soluble-P in the wastewater were measured for 2 consecutive days. The values of TAN discharged by the fish 8 h after feeding were 9.69, 8.56, 8.44, 7.81, 7.19, 6.65, 6.24, and 6.29 mg/l, and discharged soluble-P were 1.01, 0.85, 0.45, 0.31, 0.30, 0.26, 0.25, and 0.14 mg/l for fish fed Diets 1–8, respectively. Results showed that lysine supplementation in plant protein-based diets allowed dietary CP to be reduced without reducing fish performance. TAN and soluble-P excretions by rainbow trout were reduced in plant protein-based diets (37% CP) with lysine supplementation compared to the control fish fed with fish meal diets with either 42% or 37% CP.
ISSN:0044-8486
1873-5622
DOI:10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00502-1