Factors in the rising prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the north-east of Ireland

Background Northern Ireland is recognized as an area of high risk for multiple sclerosis. The original study of Allison and Millar in 1951 found a prevalence of 51/100,000 and mean annual incidence of 2.74/100,000/year. Subsequent studies in 1961, 1986, and 1996 suggested rising prevalence – 80, 138...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Multiple sclerosis 2008-08, Vol.14 (7), p.880-886
Main Authors: Gray, OM, McDonnell, GV, Hawkins, SA
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Bias
Biological and medical sciences
Child
Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases
Female
Humans
Incidence
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Multiple Sclerosis - epidemiology
Multiple sclerosis and variants. Guillain barré syndrome and other inflammatory polyneuropathies. Leukoencephalitis
Neurology
Northern Ireland - epidemiology
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Sex Distribution
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background Northern Ireland is recognized as an area of high risk for multiple sclerosis. The original study of Allison and Millar in 1951 found a prevalence of 51/100,000 and mean annual incidence of 2.74/100,000/year. Subsequent studies in 1961, 1986, and 1996 suggested rising prevalence – 80, 138, and 168.2/100,000, respectively. Methods In 2004, we surveyed the North-East of Northern Ireland (population 160,446, area 2030 km2) using multiple sources of case ascertainment, all satisfying the Poser criteria for definite or probable multiple sclerosis (MS) or the McDonald criteria. Results From a provisional list of 469 cases, 370 (123 males, 247 females) were identified. The prevalence was 230.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 207.0–255.4) with significantly higher prevalence in females (300.8/100,000) than males (157.0/100,000). Direct standardization to the 1961 Northern Ireland population reduced the overall prevalence rate to 200.5/100,000 (95% CI 193.2–208.0), in females to 270.2/100,000 (95% CI 258.8–282.4) and in males to 131.1/100,000 (95% CI 122.8–139.9). In 1996, incidence had risen to 9.3/100,000/year (14 cases in population of 151,000) with a higher incidence in females (10.3/100,000/year) than males (8.3/100,000/year). Conclusions Northern Ireland continues to have a rising prevalence of MS. The increase in incidence suggests a true increase in the disease.
ISSN:1352-4585
1477-0970
DOI:10.1177/1352458508090663