cAMP Is a Ligand for the Tandem GAF Domain of Human Phosphodiesterase 10 and cGMP for the Tandem GAF Domain of Phosphodiesterase 11

N-terminal tandem GAF domains are present in 5 out of 11 mammalian phosphodiesterase (PDE) families. The ligand for the GAF domains of PDEs 2, 5, and 6 is cGMP, whereas those for PDEs 10 and 11 remained enigmatic for years. Here we used the cyanobacterial cyaB1 adenylyl cyclase, which has an N-termi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of biological chemistry 2006-02, Vol.281 (5), p.2841-2846
Main Authors: Gross-Langenhoff, Marco, Hofbauer, Karina, Weber, Jost, Schultz, Anita, Schultz, Joachim E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases
Amino Acid Sequence
Amino Acid Substitution
Bacterial Proteins
Binding Sites
Cyclic AMP - metabolism
Cyclic AMP - pharmacology
Cyclic GMP - pharmacology
Humans
Kinetics
Ligands
Metalloproteins
Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases - chemistry
Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases - metabolism
Protein Structure, Tertiary
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Signal Transduction
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Summary:N-terminal tandem GAF domains are present in 5 out of 11 mammalian phosphodiesterase (PDE) families. The ligand for the GAF domains of PDEs 2, 5, and 6 is cGMP, whereas those for PDEs 10 and 11 remained enigmatic for years. Here we used the cyanobacterial cyaB1 adenylyl cyclase, which has an N-terminal tandem GAF domain closely related to those of the mammalian PDEs, as an assay system to identify the ligands for the human PDEs 10 and 11 GAF domains. We report that a chimera between the PDE10 GAF domain and the cyanobacterial cyclase was 9-fold stimulated by cAMP (EC50 = 19.8 μm), whereas cGMP had only low activity. cAMP increased Vmax in a non-cooperative manner and did not affect the Km for ATP of 27 μm. In an analogous chimeric construct with the tandem GAF domain of human PDE11A4, cGMP was identified as an allosteric activator (EC50 = 72.5 μm) that increased Vmax of the cyclase non-cooperatively 4-fold. GAF-B of PDE10 and GAF-A of PDE11A4 contain an invariant NKFDE motif present in all mammalian PDE GAF ensembles. We mutated the aspartates within this motif in both regions and found that intramolecular signaling was considerably reduced or abolished. This was in line with all data concerning GAF domains with an NKFDE motif as far as they have been tested. The data appeared to define those GAF domains as a distinct subclass within the >3100 annotated GAF domains for which we propose a tentative classification scheme.
ISSN:0021-9258
1083-351X
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M511468200