Predicting cadmium and lead toxicities in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae by using a toxicokinetic–toxicodynamic model that considers the effects of cations

Protons and cations may affect metal accumulation in aquatic organisms and further influence metal toxicity. The effects of K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and H+ on the accumulation and toxicity of Cd and Pb in zebrafish larvae after 24 h exposure were examined. We found that Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and H+ exerted s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Science of the total environment 2018-06, Vol.625, p.1584-1595
Main Authors: Feng, Jianfeng, Gao, Yongfei, Chen, Min, Xu, Xin, Huang, Mengdi, Yang, Tong, Chen, Na, Zhu, Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accumulation
Animals
Cadmium - toxicity
Competitive cations
Larva
Lead - toxicity
Ligands
Models, Biological
Toxicity
Toxicity Tests - methods
Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) model
Toxicokinetics
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
Zebrafish - physiology
Zebrafish larvae
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Summary:Protons and cations may affect metal accumulation in aquatic organisms and further influence metal toxicity. The effects of K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and H+ on the accumulation and toxicity of Cd and Pb in zebrafish larvae after 24 h exposure were examined. We found that Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and H+ exerted significant effects on both the accumulation and toxicity of Cd, and Ca2+, Mg2+, and H+ also affected both the accumulation and toxicity of Pb significantly. Subsequently, stability constants for the binding of Pb2+, Cd2+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and H+ to biotic ligand were estimated with the Langmuir model and biotic ligand model (BLM). Using the BLM-estimated binding constants calculated with toxicity data, a refined toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) model considering cation competition effects was used to predict Cd and Pb accumulation and survival rates in zebrafish larvae with varying cation concentrations. Results showed that the developed TK-TD model could successfully predict Cd and Pb toxicity to zebrafish larvae as a function of major competitive cations. The TK-TD model incorporated cation competition effects is a promising tool to quantify and assess the metal risk in natural water. [Display omitted] •The Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and H+ had significant effects on both accumulation and toxicity of Cd.•Ca2+ Mg2+ and H+ had significant effects on both accumulation and toxicity of Pb.•A TK-TD model incorporated cation competition effects was developed.•The TK-TD model well predicted the Cd or Pb accumulation and toxicity under different cation concentrations.
ISSN:0048-9697
1879-1026
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.068