A Global Merged Land–Air–Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction Based on Historical Observations (1880–1997)

A merged land–air–sea surface temperature reconstruction analysis is developed for monthly anomalies. The reconstruction is global and spatially complete. Reconstructed anomalies damp toward zero in regions with insufficient sampling. Error estimates account for the damping associated with sparse sa...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of climate 2005-06, Vol.18 (12), p.2021-2036
Main Authors:	Smith, Thomas M., Reynolds, Richard W.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Air Analytical estimating Climate Climate change Climatology. Bioclimatology. Climate change Correlations Covariance Earth, ocean, space Error rates Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Global climate models Hubble Space Telescope Land Meteorology Statistical variance Surface temperature Surface water Temperature
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	A merged land–air–sea surface temperature reconstruction analysis is developed for monthly anomalies. The reconstruction is global and spatially complete. Reconstructed anomalies damp toward zero in regions with insufficient sampling. Error estimates account for the damping associated with sparse sampling, and also for bias uncertainty in both the land and sea observations. Averages of the reconstruction are similar to simple averages of the unanalyzed data for most of the analysis period. For the nineteenth century, when sampling is most sparse and the error estimates are largest, the differences between the averaged reconstruction and the simple averages are largest. Sampling is always sparse poleward of 60° latitude, and historic reconstructions for the polar regions should be used with caution.
ISSN:	0894-8755 1520-0442