Pyruvate Protects against Cellular Senescence through the Control of Mitochondrial and Lysosomal Function in Dermal Fibroblasts

Mitochondrial dysfunction can drive cellular senescence, which is accompanied by changes in metabolism and increases in senescence-associated secretory phenotypes. Although pyruvate, a key metabolite for numerous aspects of metabolism, has been used as general supplement in synthetic media, the phys...

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Published in:Journal of investigative dermatology 2018-12, Vol.138 (12), p.2522-2530
Main Authors: Kim, Jeong Yeon, Lee, Sung Hoon, Bae, Il-Hong, Shin, Dong Wook, Min, Daejin, Ham, Mira, Kim, Kyu-Han, Lee, Tae Ryong, Kim, Hyoung-June, Son, Eui Dong, Lee, Ai-Yong, Song, Yeong Wook, Kil, In Sup
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Mitochondrial dysfunction can drive cellular senescence, which is accompanied by changes in metabolism and increases in senescence-associated secretory phenotypes. Although pyruvate, a key metabolite for numerous aspects of metabolism, has been used as general supplement in synthetic media, the physiological function of pyruvate underlying its protective role against cellular senescence under normal conditions has remained unknown. Here, we show that extracellular pyruvate prevents senescence in normal human dermal fibroblasts through increasing the generation of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) during the conversion to lactate. Acetylated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), vacuolar-type H+-ATPaseV0A1 (v-ATPaseV0A1), NF-κB p65 subunit (RelA), and histone H3 accumulate under pyruvate deprivation conditions, resulting in the onset of senescence in normal human dermal fibroblasts through the accumulation of abnormal mitochondria generated by lysosomal inactivation-induced mitophagy defects, and through an increase in senescence-associated secretory phenotypes. Furthermore, pyruvate showed a protective effect against aging phenotypes in skin equivalents, which consist of a dermis and epidermis that act similarly to in vivo skin tissues. Our findings reveal a connection between pyruvate and mitochondrial dysfunction in the progression of senescence that is, to our knowledge, previously unreported. These results suggest that the pyruvate deprivation-induced senescence model can be used to study the connection between metabolism and senescence under normal conditions.
ISSN:0022-202X
1523-1747
DOI:10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.033