Circulating extracellular vesicles are associated with lipid and insulin metabolism

We have reported that hypertrophic adipocytes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the number of circulating adipocyte-derived EVs correlated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a pilot study using obese patients. Here, we explored the association betwee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism 2018-10, Vol.315 (4), p.E574-E582
Main Authors: Kobayashi, Yoshinao, Eguchi, Akiko, Tempaku, Mina, Honda, Tatsuro, Togashi, Kenji, Iwasa, Motoh, Hasegawa, Hiroshi, Takei, Yoshiyuki, Sumida, Yasuhiro, Taguchi, Osamu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Biomarkers
Eutrophication
Extracellular matrix
Extracellular vesicles
Glucose
Glucose metabolism
Glucose tolerance
Health risks
Hepatocytes
Homeostasis
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Lipid metabolism
Lipids
Membranes
Metabolic disorders
Metabolism
Multiple regression analysis
Obesity
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Vesicles
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Summary:We have reported that hypertrophic adipocytes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the number of circulating adipocyte-derived EVs correlated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a pilot study using obese patients. Here, we explored the association between circulating EV level and various metabolic parameters, including obesity and lipid and glucose metabolisms, among 203 subjects (76 men and 127 women; median age, 54 yr) with or without risk factor for metabolic diseases, who received a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Circulating EV number was significantly higher in men than in women ( P < 0.001). Circulating EV number in individuals with impaired OGTT pattern was significantly higher compared with those with normal OGTT patterns ( P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that circulating EV number correlated most strongly and significantly with elevated triglyceride (TG; t = 8.55, P < 0.001). Additionally, circulating EV number correlated significantly with homeostasis model assessment-β-cell function (HOMA-β; t = 2.38, P < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that the cutoff value of EV numbers in individuals with elevated serum TG levels (≧150 mg/dl) was identified (136,738 EVs/μl of plasma, P < 0.001, sensitivity 0.842, false-positive rate of 0.257). Perilipin and asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 were detected on a part of isolated circulating EVs, indicating EV release from adipocytes and hepatocytes, which were related to lipid and glucose metabolism. Circulating EVs represent a promising metabolic biomarker for lipid and glucose metabolism and have potential for monitoring metabolic status in humans, including individuals without metabolic risk factors.
ISSN:0193-1849
1522-1555
DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00160.2018