Effects of constant and fluctuating temperature on the development of the oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, is an important pest in many commercial orchards including apple, pear and peach orchards, and responsible for substantial economic losses every year. To help in attaining a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the ecological tolerances of G. moles...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bulletin of entomological research 2019-04, Vol.109 (2), p.212-220
Main Authors: Chen, Z-Z, Xu, L-X, Li, L-L, Wu, H-B, Xu, Y-Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptiveness
Adults
Age
Animals
Apples
Butterflies & moths
Economic impact
Economics
Eggs
Fecundity
Fertility
Fruits
Grapholita molesta
Growth rate
Humidity
Laboratories
Larva - growth & development
Life history
Malus
Moths - growth & development
Orchards
Parameters
Population
Population dynamics
Population growth
Survival
Temperature
Tolerances
Tolerances (dimensional)
Trends
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Summary:The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, is an important pest in many commercial orchards including apple, pear and peach orchards, and responsible for substantial economic losses every year. To help in attaining a comprehensive and thorough understanding of the ecological tolerances of G. molesta, we collected life history data of individuals reared on apples under different constant temperature regimes and compared the data with moths reared under a variable outdoor temperature environment. Because G. molesta individuals reared at a constant 25°C had the heaviest pupal weight, the highest survival rate from egg to adult, highest finite rate of increase, and greatest fecundity, 25°C was considered as the optimum developmental temperature. The G. molesta population reared at a constant 31°C had the shortest development time, lowest survival rate and fecundity, resulting in population parameters of r < 0, λ < 1, lead to negative population growth. The population parameters r and λ reared under fluctuating temperature were higher than that reared under constant temperatures, the mean generation time (T) was shorter than it was in all of the constant temperatures treatments. This would imply that the outdoor G. molesta population would have a higher population growth potential and faster growth rate than indoor populations raised at constant temperatures. G. molesta moths reared under fluctuating temperature also had a higher fertility than moths reared under constant temperatures (except at 25°C). Our findings indicated that the population raised under outdoor fluctuating temperature conditions had strong environment adaptiveness.
ISSN:0007-4853
1475-2670
DOI:10.1017/S0007485318000469