Effects of oat β-glucan consumption at breakfast on ad libitum eating, appetite, glycemia, insulinemia and GLP-1 concentrations in healthy subjects

There is evidence that oat β-glucan lowers appetite and ad libitum eating; however, not all studies are consistent, and the underpinning mechanisms are not entirely understood. We investigated the effects of 4 g high molecular weight (MW) oat β-glucan on ad libitum eating, subjective appetite, glyce...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Appetite 2018-09, Vol.128, p.197-204
Main Authors: Zaremba, Suzanne M.M., Gow, Iain F., Drummond, Sandra, McCluskey, Jane T., Steinert, Robert E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Appetite - drug effects
Avena
beta-Glucans - administration & dosage
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Breakfast - physiology
Cross-Over Studies
Double-Blind Method
Eating - drug effects
Energy intake
Female
GLP-1
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 - blood
Glucose
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Insulin
Insulin - blood
Male
Oat β-glucan
Postprandial Period
Satiation - drug effects
Satiety
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Summary:There is evidence that oat β-glucan lowers appetite and ad libitum eating; however, not all studies are consistent, and the underpinning mechanisms are not entirely understood. We investigated the effects of 4 g high molecular weight (MW) oat β-glucan on ad libitum eating, subjective appetite, glycemia, insulinemia and plasma GLP-1 responses in 33 normal-weight subjects (22 female/11 male, mean age (y): 26.9 ± 1.0, BMI (kg/m2): 23.5 ± 0.4). The study followed a randomised double-blind, cross-over design with subjects fed two test breakfasts with and without oat β-glucan followed by an ad libitum test meal on two different days. Blood samples and ratings for subjective appetite were collected postprandially at regular time intervals. Oat β-glucan increased feelings of fullness (p = 0.048) and satiety (p = 0.034), but did not affect energy and amount eaten at the ad libitum test meal. There was a treatment by time interaction for plasma GLP-1, plasma insulin and blood glucose. GLP-1 was significantly reduced at 90 min (p = 0.021), blood glucose at 30 min (p = 0.008) and plasma insulin at 30 and 60 min (p = 0.002 and 0.017, respectively) following the oat β-glucan breakfast when compared with the control breakfast. Four grams of high MW oat β-glucan lowers appetite but not ad libitum eating and beneficially modulates postprandial glycaemia, it does however, not increase plasma GLP-1 secretion.
ISSN:0195-6663
1095-8304
DOI:10.1016/j.appet.2018.06.019