Pneumococcal vaccination coverage among children with sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait, and normal hemoglobin

Background Children with sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait are at an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease compared to children with normal hemoglobin. We assessed and compared pneumococcal vaccination status among these three groups. Procedure Children with sickle cell anemia and s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pediatric blood & cancer 2018-10, Vol.65 (10), p.e27282-n/a
Main Authors: Reeves, Sarah L., Jary, Hannah K., Gondhi, Jennifer P., Kleyn, Mary, Wagner, Abram L., Dombkowski, Kevin J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anemia
Children
Government programs
Health risks
Hematology
Hemoglobin
Immunization
invasive pneumococcal disease
Medicaid administrative claims
Medical screening
Oncology
Pediatrics
pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
Population studies
Sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell disease
sickle cell trait
Vaccination
Vaccines
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Summary:Background Children with sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait are at an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease compared to children with normal hemoglobin. We assessed and compared pneumococcal vaccination status among these three groups. Procedure Children with sickle cell anemia and sickle cell trait were identified using Michigan newborn screening records (1997–2014); each child was matched to four children with normal hemoglobin based on age, Medicaid enrollment (at least 1 year from 2012–2014), race, and census tract. Vaccination records were obtained from the state's immunization system. Pneumococcal vaccine coverage (PCV7 or PCV13 depending on date of administration) was assessed at milestone ages of 3, 5, 7, and 16 months. The proportion of children with vaccine coverage at each milestone was calculated overall and compared among children with sickle cell anemia, sickle cell trait, and normal hemoglobin using chi‐square tests. Results The study population consisted of 355 children with sickle cell anemia, 17,319 with sickle cell trait, and 70,757 with normal hemoglobin. The proportion of children with age‐appropriate pneumococcal vaccination coverage was low at each milestone and generally decreased over time. Children with sickle cell anemia were more likely to be covered compared to children with sickle cell trait or normal hemoglobin. Conclusions Despite higher pneumococcal vaccination coverage among children with sickle cell anemia, opportunities for improvement exist among all children. Targeted interventions will benefit from mechanisms to identify children with increased risks such as sickle cell anemia or trait to improve pneumococcal vaccination coverage among these groups.
ISSN:1545-5009
1545-5017
DOI:10.1002/pbc.27282