Genome Mining and Comparative Biosynthesis of Meroterpenoids from Two Phylogenetically Distinct Fungi

Two homologous meroterpenoid gene clusters consisting of contiguous genes encoding polyketide synthase (PKS), prenyltransferase (PT), terpenoid cyclase (TC) and other tailoring enzymes were identified from two phylogenetically distinct fungi through computational analysis. Media optimization guided...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Angewandte Chemie International Edition 2018-07, Vol.57 (27), p.8184-8188
Main Authors: Zhang, Xuan, Wang, Ting Ting, Xu, Qin Lan, Xiong, Ying, Zhang, Li, Han, Hao, Xu, Kuang, Guo, Wen Jie, Xu, Qiang, Tan, Ren Xiang, Ge, Hui Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological activity
Biosynthesis
Computer applications
Deactivation
Decarboxylation
Fungi
Gene clusters
Gene expression
genome mining
Genomes
Homology
immunosuppressants
Immunosuppression
Inactivation
meroterpenoids
Natural products
Optimization
Phylogeny
Polyketide synthase
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Summary:Two homologous meroterpenoid gene clusters consisting of contiguous genes encoding polyketide synthase (PKS), prenyltransferase (PT), terpenoid cyclase (TC) and other tailoring enzymes were identified from two phylogenetically distinct fungi through computational analysis. Media optimization guided by reverse‐transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) enabled two strains to produce eight new and two known meroterpenoids (1–10). Using gene inactivation, heterologous expression, and biochemical analyses, we revealed a new polyketide‐terpenoid assembly line that utilizes a pair of PKSs to synthesize 2,4‐dihydroxy‐6‐alkylbenzoic acid, followed by oxidative decarboxylation, farnesyl transfer, and terpene cyclization to construct the meroterpenoid scaffold. In addition, two of the isolated meroterpenoids (3 and 17 d) showed immunosuppressive bioactivity. Our work reveals a new strategy for meroterpenoid natural products discovery, and reveals the biosynthetic pathway for compounds 1–10. A tale of two cities: Two homologous gene clusters were identified from two phylogenetically distinct fungi, leading to the isolation of ten meroterpenoids, including eight new ones. Genetic, biochemical, and comparative bioinformatics analyses revealed a new polyketide‐terpenoid assembly line.
ISSN:1433-7851
1521-3773
DOI:10.1002/anie.201804317