Free amino acids hydroxyproline, lysine, and glycine promote differentiation of retinal pericytes to adipocytes: A protective role against proliferative diabetic retinopathy

This study was conducted to estimate the aminoacid levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and to correlate it with the adiponectin levels. Secondly to test if these amino acids can alter or induce adiponectin levels and its related factors in retinal cells like p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental eye research 2018-08, Vol.173, p.179-187
Main Authors: Vidhya, S., Ramya, R., Coral, K., Sulochana, K.N., Bharathidevi, S.R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes - cytology
Adipocytes - metabolism
Adiponectin
Adiponectin - genetics
Adiponectin - metabolism
Animals
Cattle
Cell Differentiation - drug effects
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Diabetic Retinopathy - metabolism
Diabetic Retinopathy - prevention & control
Glycine - metabolism
Glycine - pharmacology
Glycoproteins - genetics
Humans
Hydroxyproline - metabolism
Hydroxyproline - pharmacology
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics
Lysine - metabolism
Lysine - pharmacology
Pericytes - cytology
Pericytes - metabolism
PPAR gamma - genetics
PPARγ
PREF-1
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Retinal Perforations - metabolism
Retinal Perforations - prevention & control
Retinal Vessels - cytology
TGF-ß
Vitreous Body - metabolism
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Summary:This study was conducted to estimate the aminoacid levels in the vitreous of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and to correlate it with the adiponectin levels. Secondly to test if these amino acids can alter or induce adiponectin levels and its related factors in retinal cells like pericyte as an in vitro model. Methods: All human studies were done as per declaration of Helsinki with institutional approval and after obtaining consent from participating individuals. The vitreous amino acids were estimated in PDR (Proliferative diabetic retinopathy) and MH (Macular Hole) as disease control using HPLC. Bovine retinal pericytes (BRP) were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium and treated with 0.5 mM of any one of the individual amino acids (proline, hydroxyproline, phenylalanine, alanine, serine, glycine, lysine, isoleucine or valine) along with 100 nM insulin for 14 days in high glucose (25 mM) condition. The mRNA expression profile of adipogenic markers (such as Pref1, APN, ZAG and PPARγ), angiogenic markers (VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9, TGF-β) and antioxidant markers (Nrf2 and UCP-2) were evaluated by qPCR. Adipogenesis was further confirmed by adipogenesis assay, secretion of adiponectin in medium and triglyceride accumulation by Oil red O staining in Bovine retinal pericytes. Results: Amino acids valine (p 
ISSN:0014-4835
1096-0007
DOI:10.1016/j.exer.2018.05.004