Human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA)

The plastic monomer and plasticizer bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide. BPA is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins used in many consumer products. Here, we have outlined studies that address the levels of BPA in human tissues and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2007-08, Vol.24 (2), p.139-177
Main Authors: Vandenberg, Laura N., Hauser, Russ, Marcus, Michele, Olea, Nicolas, Welshons, Wade V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Benzhydryl Compounds
Biological and medical sciences
Dental sealants
Disease
Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology
Environmental Exposure - analysis
Epidemiology
Epoxy resins
Food Contamination - analysis
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Medical sciences
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Metabolism
Phenols - analysis
Phenols - pharmacokinetics
Phenols - poisoning
Plasticizers - analysis
Plasticizers - pharmacokinetics
Plasticizers - poisoning
Polycarbonate plastic
Serum
Teratology. Teratogens
Tissue Distribution
Toxicology
Urine
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Summary:The plastic monomer and plasticizer bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide. BPA is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins used in many consumer products. Here, we have outlined studies that address the levels of BPA in human tissues and fluids. We have reviewed the few epidemiological studies available that explore biological markers of BPA exposure and human health outcomes. We have examined several studies of levels of BPA released from consumer products as well as the levels measured in wastewater, drinking water, air and dust. Lastly, we have reviewed acute metabolic studies and the information available about BPA metabolism in animal models. The reported levels of BPA in human fluids are higher than the BPA concentrations reported to stimulate molecular endpoints in vitro and appear to be within an order of magnitude of the levels needed to induce effects in animal models.
ISSN:0890-6238
1873-1708
DOI:10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.07.010