Fungi and some mycotoxins contaminating rice (Oryza Sativa) In Niger State, Nigeria

Study on the fungi and some mycotoxins (Aflatoxin B sub(1) - AFB sub(1), ochratoxin A - OTA and zearalenone - ZEN) contaminating rice (Oryza sativa) in Niger State of Nigeria was carried out. One thousand and sixty two fungi were isolated and identified from one hundred and ninety six mouldy rice sa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:African journal of biotechnology 2007-01, Vol.6 (2), p.99-108
Main Authors: Hussaini, A M, Timothy, A G, Olufunmilayo, HA, Ezekiel, A S, Godwin, HO
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alternaria
Aspergillus
Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus parasiticus
Cladosporium
Curvularia
Fusarium
Helminthosporium
Mucor
Oryza sativa
Penicillium
Rhizopus
Trichoderma
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Summary:Study on the fungi and some mycotoxins (Aflatoxin B sub(1) - AFB sub(1), ochratoxin A - OTA and zearalenone - ZEN) contaminating rice (Oryza sativa) in Niger State of Nigeria was carried out. One thousand and sixty two fungi were isolated and identified from one hundred and ninety six mouldy rice samples collected from the state. The major fungal genera contaminating rice were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Mucor, Rhizopus, Trichoderma, Curvularia, Helminthosporium and Cladosporium. The most prevalent fungal species on rice were Penicillium spp., A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. niger, Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp. and Alternaria spp. The commonest fungal contaminants of the dry, harmattan; dry-hot and rainy seasons were A. niger, Penicillium spp. and A. flavus respectively. AFB sub(1) was detected in 97 of the samples analyzed at concentrations between 20-1642 ug/kg. Fifty six of the one hundred and forty samples analyzed for OTA contained the toxin (24 - 1164 ug/kg). Zearalenone was found in ninety three of the one hundred and ninety six mouldy rice samples analyzed at concentrations of between 24 and 1169 ug/kg. Twenty two samples were concurrently contaminated with the three toxins while seven others were found to contain both AFB sub(1) and OTA. AFB sub(1) and ZEN occurred together in twelve samples, and eight samples contained both OTA and ZEN.
ISSN:1684-5315
1684-5315