Low adherence to the western and high adherence to the mediterranean dietary patterns could prevent colorectal cancer

Purpose To assess if the associations found between three previously identified dietary patterns with breast, prostate and gastric cancer are also observed for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods MCC-Spain is a multicase-control study that collected information of 1629 incident cases of CRC and 3509 po...

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Published in:European journal of nutrition 2019-06, Vol.58 (4), p.1495-1505
Main Authors: Castelló, Adela, Amiano, Pilar, Fernández de Larrea, Nerea, Martín, Vicente, Alonso, Maria Henar, Castaño-Vinyals, Gemma, Pérez-Gómez, Beatriz, Olmedo-Requena, Rocío, Guevara, Marcela, Fernandez-Tardon, Guillermo, Dierssen-Sotos, Trinidad, Llorens-Ivorra, Cristobal, Huerta, Jose María, Capelo, Rocío, Fernández-Villa, Tania, Díez-Villanueva, Anna, Urtiaga, Carmen, Castilla, Jesús, Jiménez-Moleón, Jose Juan, Moreno, Víctor, Dávila-Batista, Verónica, Kogevinas, Manolis, Aragonés, Nuria, Pollán, Marina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Breast cancer
Case-Control Studies
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Colon cancer
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - prevention & control
Diet
Diet, Mediterranean - statistics & numerical data
Diet, Western - adverse effects
Diet, Western - statistics & numerical data
Disease prevention
Female
Fish oils
Gastric cancer
Humans
Legumes
Lifestyles
Male
Meat
Middle Aged
Nutrition
Olive oil
Original Contribution
Prostate
Prostate cancer
Regression analysis
Risk Factors
Spain
Tumors
Vegetables
Young Adult
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Summary:Purpose To assess if the associations found between three previously identified dietary patterns with breast, prostate and gastric cancer are also observed for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods MCC-Spain is a multicase-control study that collected information of 1629 incident cases of CRC and 3509 population-based controls from 11 Spanish provinces. Western, Prudent and Mediterranean data-driven dietary patterns—derived in another Spanish case-control study—were reconstructed in MCC-Spain. Their association with CRC was assessed using mixed multivariable logistic regression models considering a possible interaction with sex. Risk by tumor site (proximal colon, distal colon, and rectum) was evaluated using multinomial regression models. Results While no effect of the Prudent pattern on CRC risk was observed, a high adherence to the Western dietary pattern was associated with increased CRC risk for both males [OR fourth(Q4) vs. first(Q1)quartile (95% CI): 1.45 (1.11;1.91)] and females [OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 1.50 (1.07;2.09)] but seem to be confined to distal colon [OR fourth(Q4) vs. first(Q1)quartile (95% CI): 2.02 (1.44;2.84)] and rectal [OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 1.46 (1.05;2.01)] tumors. The protective effect of the Mediterranean dietary pattern against CRC was observed for both sexes [males: OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 0.71 (0.55;0.92); females: OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 0.56 (0.40;0.77)] and for all cancer sites: proximal colon [OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 0.70 (0.51;0.97)], distal colon [OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 0.65 (0.48;0.89)], and rectum (OR Q4 vs. Q1 (95% CI): 0.60 (0.45;0.81)]. Conclusion Our results are consistent with most of the associations previously found between these patterns and breast, prostate and gastric cancer risk and indicate that consuming whole fruits, vegetables, legumes, olive oil, nuts, and fish and avoiding red and processed meat, refined grains, sweets, caloric drinks, juices, convenience food, and sauces might reduce CRC risk.
ISSN:1436-6207
1436-6215
DOI:10.1007/s00394-018-1674-5