Reduced alveolar macrophage migration induced by acute ambient particle (PM10) exposure

Increased levels of particulate air pollution (PM 10 ) have been implicated as a causal agent in pulmonary disease exacerbation and increased deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. The exact mechanism by which PM 10 drives toxicity in the lung is still unknown, but studies have focuse...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell biology and toxicology 2008-06, Vol.24 (3), p.243-252
Main Authors: Barlow, Peter G., Brown, David M., Donaldson, Ken, MacCallum, Janis, Stone, Vicki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air pollution
Airborne particulates
Animals
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell Biology
Cell Movement
Cellular biology
Cytokines - metabolism
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Life Sciences
Lung diseases
Macrophages, Alveolar - cytology
Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects
Macrophages, Alveolar - metabolism
Male
Particle Size
Phagocytosis
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
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Summary:Increased levels of particulate air pollution (PM 10 ) have been implicated as a causal agent in pulmonary disease exacerbation and increased deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular disorders. The exact mechanism by which PM 10 drives toxicity in the lung is still unknown, but studies have focused on inhibition of macrophage function and impaired alveolar clearance mechanisms. To assess the effects of PM 10 on pulmonary macrophage clearance mechanisms ex vivo, Wistar rats were instilled with 125 or 250 μg of PM 10 collected from the North Kensington, London. Control rats were instilled with sterile saline. The rats were sacrificed after 18 h and a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed. Macrophages isolated from the BAL fluid were assessed for ability to migrate towards a positive chemoattractant (ZAS) ex vivo and to perform phagocytosis. Macrophages isolated from the PM 10 -exposed rats showed inhibition of potential to migrate. Macrophage phagocytic ability ex vivo was also significantly reduced by the presence of PM 10 inside the cells. This study indicates that acute PM 10 exposure diminishes macrophage motility and phagocytosis in a manner that could prove deleterious to particle clearance from the alveolar region of the lung. Decreased particle clearance promotes inflammation, and hence, warrants further investigation in relation to the effects of chronic PM 10 exposure on macrophage clearance mechanisms and establishing the mechanisms behind decreased macrophage migration.
ISSN:0742-2091
1573-6822
DOI:10.1007/s10565-007-9033-y