The role of empathy and emotional intelligence in nurses’ communication attitudes using regression models and fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis models

Aims and objectives To analyse link between empathy and emotional intelligence as a predictor of nurses’ attitudes towards communication while comparing the contribution of emotional aspects and attitudinal elements on potential behaviour. Background Nurses’ attitudes towards communication, empathy...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical nursing 2018-07, Vol.27 (13-14), p.2661-2672
Main Authors: Giménez‐Espert, María del Carmen, Prado‐Gascó, Vicente Javier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
attitude
Attitudes
Communication
Comparative analysis
Emotional intelligence
Empathy
Nurses
Nursing
Qualitative research
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Summary:Aims and objectives To analyse link between empathy and emotional intelligence as a predictor of nurses’ attitudes towards communication while comparing the contribution of emotional aspects and attitudinal elements on potential behaviour. Background Nurses’ attitudes towards communication, empathy and emotional intelligence are key skills for nurses involved in patient care. There are currently no studies analysing this link, and its investigation is needed because attitudes may influence communication behaviours. Design Correlational study. Method To attain this goal, self‐reported instruments (attitudes towards communication of nurses, trait emotional intelligence (Trait Emotional Meta‐Mood Scale) and Jefferson Scale of Nursing Empathy (Jefferson Scale Nursing Empathy) were collected from 460 nurses between September 2015–February 2016. Two different analytical methodologies were used: traditional regression models and fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis models. Results The results of the regression model suggest that cognitive dimensions of attitude are a significant and positive predictor of the behavioural dimension. The perspective‐taking dimension of empathy and the emotional‐clarity dimension of emotional intelligence were significant positive predictors of the dimensions of attitudes towards communication, except for the affective dimension (for which the association was negative). The results of the fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis models confirm that the combination of high levels of cognitive dimension of attitudes, perspective‐taking and emotional clarity explained high levels of the behavioural dimension of attitude. Conclusions Empathy and emotional intelligence are predictors of nurses’ attitudes towards communication, and the cognitive dimension of attitude is a good predictor of the behavioural dimension of attitudes towards communication of nurses in both regression models and fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis. In general, the fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis models appear to be better predictors than the regression models are. Relevance to clinical practice To evaluate current practices, establish intervention strategies and evaluate their effectiveness. The evaluation of these variables and their relationships are important in creating a satisfied and sustainable workforce and improving quality of care and patient health.
ISSN:0962-1067
1365-2702
DOI:10.1111/jocn.14325