Retrospective study of bacterial and cryptococcal meningitis occurring in HIV adult patients in Abidjan (Ivory Coast)

Objectives To determine the prevalence of HIV in meningitis in Abidjan and to report on the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and changing features. Methods This is a retrospective study of 370 HIV patients hospitalized for bacterial and cryptococcal meningitis from 1st November 2001 to 1st Ap...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal de mycologie médicale 2007-06, Vol.17 (2), p.82-86
Main Authors: Ouattara, B, Eholie, S P, Adoubryn, K D, Kra, O, Tia, H, Kouadio-Yapo, C G, Edo, V, Ouhon, J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Cryptococcus neoformans
Human immunodeficiency virus
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Summary:Objectives To determine the prevalence of HIV in meningitis in Abidjan and to report on the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and changing features. Methods This is a retrospective study of 370 HIV patients hospitalized for bacterial and cryptococcal meningitis from 1st November 2001 to 1st April 2003 in the internal medicine service and the infectious illnesses service of Treichville teaching hospital. Results The global prevalence of HIV in meningitis was 73%. The mean age was 33 (extremes: 19-65). The sex-ratio was 1:2. The mean delay of development of symptoms before hospitalization was 11 days (extremes: 1-120). The clinical signs were classic. However, in this study febrile comas were frequent (71.6%) due to late consultation. The aetiologies of meningitis were pyogenic bacteria (72.4%) and Cryptococcus neoformans (27.6%). Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid in cryptococcal meningitis revealed a divergence between the macroscopic aspect of the liquid and the cytological anomalies in 29.2% of the cases. The mean rate of CD4 was especially low in cryptococcal meningitis (55/mm3). Hospital mortality was high (78.6%). Conclusion The prevalence of VIH in meningitis was high. Young adult patients without distinction of sex were the most affected especially in the case of severe immunodeficiency. Bacterial meningitis was the most common form. The prognosis of meningitis was very bad.
ISSN:1156-5233
DOI:10.1016/j.mycmed.2007.02.003