Lycopene-rich extract from red guava (Psidium guajava L.) displays cytotoxic effect against human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 via an apoptotic-like pathway

This study investigated a lycopene-rich extract from red guava (LEG) for its chemical composition using spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and computational studies. The cytotoxic activity of LEG and the underlying m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Food research international 2018-03, Vol.105, p.184-196
Main Authors: dos Santos, Raimunda C., Ombredane, Alicia S., Souza, Jéssica Maria T., Vasconcelos, Andreanne G., Plácido, Alexandra, Amorim, Adriany das G.N., Barbosa, Eder Alves, Lima, Filipe C.D.A., Ropke, Cristina D., Alves, Michel M.M., Arcanjo, Daniel D.R., Carvalho, Fernando A.A., Delerue-Matos, Cristina, Joanitti, Graziella A., Leite, José Roberto de S.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidant
Breast cancer
Carotenoid
Cytotoxicity
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Summary:This study investigated a lycopene-rich extract from red guava (LEG) for its chemical composition using spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and computational studies. The cytotoxic activity of LEG and the underlying mechanism was studied in human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7), murine fibroblast cells (NIH-3T3), BALB/c murine peritoneal macrophages, and sheep blood erythrocytes by evaluating the cell viability with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method and flow cytometry. Spectrophotometry analysis showed that LEG contained 20% of lycopene per extract dry weight. Experimental and theoretical ATR-FTIR suggests the presence of lycopene, whereas MS/MS spectra obtained after fragmentation of the molecular ion [M]+• of 536.4364 show fragment ions at m/z 269.2259, 375.3034, 444.3788, and 467.3658, corroborating the presence of lycopene mostly related to all-trans configuration. Treatment with LEG (1600 to 6.25μg/mL) for 24 and 72h significantly affected the viability of MCF-7 cells (mean half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50]=29.85 and 5.964μg/mL, respectively) but not NIH-3T3 cells (IC50=1579 and 911.5μg/mL, respectively). Furthermore LEG at concentrations from 800 to 6.25μg/mL presented low cytotoxicity against BALB/c peritoneal macrophages (IC50≥800μg/mL) and no hemolytic activity. LEG (400 and 800μg/mL) caused reduction in the cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation, modifications in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and morphologic changes related to granularity and size in MCF-7 cells; however, it failed to cause any significant damage to the cell membrane or display necrosis or traditional apoptosis. In conclusion, LEG was able to induce cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells probably via induction of an apoptotic-like pathway. [Display omitted] •Lycopene rich extract from red guava (LEG) contains mostly all-trans-lycopene;•LEG exhibited cytotoxicity against human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7);•Fibroblast cells (NIH-3T3) and BALB/c macrophages treated with LEG remained viable;•LEG did not display hemolytic activity on sheep blood erythrocytes;•LEG induced cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 by apoptotic-like pathway.
ISSN:0963-9969
1873-7145
1873-7145
DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.045