Is Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Effective for Microbial Load Reduction in Peri‐implantitis Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

The systematic review and meta‐analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the microbiological alteration beneficial to peri‐implantitis treatment. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017064215. Bibliographic databases includ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Photochemistry and photobiology 2018-07, Vol.94 (4), p.752-759
Main Authors: Fraga, Renato Silva, Antunes, Lívia Azeredo Alves, Fontes, Karla Bianca Fernandes da Costa, Küchler, Erika Calvano, Iorio, Natalia Lopes Pontes Póvoa, Antunes, Leonardo Santos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Bibliographic data bases
Confidence intervals
Dental implants
Dental prosthetics
Dental restorative materials
Evidence-based medicine
Finite element method
Meta-analysis
Microorganisms
Photochemotherapy
Photodynamic therapy
Reduction
Surgical implants
Systematic review
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Summary:The systematic review and meta‐analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the microbiological alteration beneficial to peri‐implantitis treatment. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017064215. Bibliographic databases including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were searched from inception to 8 January 2017. The search strategy was assembled from the following MeSH Terms: “Photochemotherapy,” “Dental Implants” and “Peri‐Implantitis.” Unspecific free‐text words and related terms were also included. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of included studies. The random‐effect model was chosen, and heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 test. Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta‐analysis demonstrated an association between aPDT and reduction in viable bacteria counts for: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (OR = 1.31; confidence interval = 1.13, 1.49; P < 0.00001), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR = 4.08; confidence interval = 3.22, 4.94; P < 0.00001) and Prevotella intermedia (OR = 1.66; confidence interval = 1.06, 2.26; P < 0.00001). A aPDT appears to be effective in bacterial load reduction in peri‐implantitis and has a positive potential as an alternative therapy for peri‐implantitis. Peri‐implantitis has been defined as an inflammatory process that affects the soft tissues surrounding an osseointegrated implant. Microorganisms like Prevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Prevotella nigrescens, Peptostreptococcus spp and Fusobacterium nucleatum are commonly related to peri‐implantitis. The antimicrobial photodynamic therapy may be an effective clinic adjunct therapy, resulting in bacterial load reduction in peri‐implantitis.
ISSN:0031-8655
1751-1097
DOI:10.1111/php.12901