Enumeration of Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef, cattle carcass, hide and faecal samples using direct plating methods

To develop and validate high throughput methods for the direct enumeration of viable and culturable Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef, carcass, hide and faecal (GCHF) samples from cattle. The hydrophobic grid membrane filtration (HGMF) method and the spiral plate count method (S...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of applied microbiology 2007-11, Vol.103 (5), p.1657-1668
Main Authors: Brichta-Harhay, D.M, Arthur, T.M, Bosilevac, J.M, Guerini, M.N, Kalchayanand, N, Koohmaraie, M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacteriological Techniques - economics
beef
Biological and medical sciences
carcass
Cattle
Colony Count, Microbial
Costs and Cost Analysis
enumeration
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli O157 - isolation & purification
Feces - microbiology
Food Microbiology
Food-Processing Industry
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
HGMF
Meat - microbiology
Meat Products - microbiology
Microbiology
O157
Reproducibility of Results
Salmonella
Salmonella - isolation & purification
Salmonella Infections - diagnosis
Skin - microbiology
spiral plate
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Summary:To develop and validate high throughput methods for the direct enumeration of viable and culturable Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ground beef, carcass, hide and faecal (GCHF) samples from cattle. The hydrophobic grid membrane filtration (HGMF) method and the spiral plate count method (SPCM) were evaluated as rapid tools for the estimation of pathogen load using GCHF samples spiked with known levels of Salmonella serotype Typhimurium. Validation studies showed that for a single determination of each sample type the low end of the detection limits were approx. 2·0 x 10⁰ CFU g⁻¹ for ground beef, 5·0 x 10⁻¹ CFU (100 cm²)⁻¹ for Salmonella and 8·0 x 10⁻¹ CFU (100 cm²)⁻¹ for E. coli O157:H7 on carcasses, 4·0 x 10¹ CFU (100 cm²)⁻¹ for hide and 2·0 x 10² CFU g⁻¹ for faecal samples. In addition, ground beef (n = 609), carcass (n = 1520) and hide (n = 3038) samples were collected from beef-processing plants and faecal samples (n = 3190) were collected from feed-lot cattle, and these samples were tested for the presence of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 by enrichment and enumeration methods. The direct enumeration methods described here are amenable to high throughput sample processing and were found to be cost-effective alternatives to other enumeration methods for the estimation of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, in samples collected during cattle production and beef processing. Use of the methods described here would allow for more routine testing and quantification data collection, providing useful information about the effectiveness of beef processing intervention strategies.
ISSN:1364-5072
1365-2672
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03405.x