1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) as a Novel Matrix for MALDI MS Imaging of Fatty Acids, Phospholipids, and Sulfatides in Brain Tissues

1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) as a Novel Matrix for MALDI MS Imaging of Fatty Acids, Phospholipids, and Sulfatides in Brain Tissues

1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) is a commonly used fluorescence probe for studying cell membrane-lipids due to its affinity toward the acyl chains in the phospholipid bilayers. In this work, we investigated its use in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) as a new matrix for mass s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Analytical chemistry (Washington) 2017-12, Vol.89 (23), p.12828-12836
Main Authors: Ibrahim, Hanadi, Jurcic, Kristina, Wang, Jasmine S.-H, Whitehead, Shawn N, Yeung, Ken K.-C
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Animals
Brain
Brain Chemistry
Cell membranes
Desorption
Diphenylhexatriene - chemistry
Energy conservation
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - analysis
Fluorescence
Fluorescent Dyes - chemistry
Fluorescent indicators
Fragmentation
Glycerol
Imaging
Ionization
Lasers
Lipids
Male
Mass spectrometry
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Negative ions
Phosphatidic acid
Phospholipids
Phospholipids - analysis
Rats, Wistar
Rodents
Spatial resolution
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization - instrumentation
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization - methods
Sublimation
Sulfoglycosphingolipids - analysis
Tissues
Volatility
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Summary:1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) is a commonly used fluorescence probe for studying cell membrane-lipids due to its affinity toward the acyl chains in the phospholipid bilayers. In this work, we investigated its use in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) as a new matrix for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of mouse and rat brain tissue. DPH exhibits very minimal matrix-induced background signals for the analysis of small molecules (below m/z of 1000). In the negative ion mode, DPH permits the highly sensitive detection of small fatty acids (m/z 200–350) as well as a variety of large lipids up to m/z of 1000, including lyso-phospholipid, phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphoethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), and sulfatides (ST). The analytes were mostly detected as the deprotonated ion [M – H]−. Our results also demonstrate that sublimated DPH is stable for at least 24 h under the vacuum of our MALDI mass spectrometer. The ability to apply DPH via sublimation coupled with its low volatility allows us to perform tissue imaging of the above analytes at high spatial resolution. The degree of lipid fragmentation was determined experimentally at varying laser intensities. The results illustrated that the use of relatively low laser energy is important to minimize the artificially generated fatty acid signals. On the other hand, the lipid fragmentation obtained at higher laser energies provided tandem MS information useful for lipid structure elucidation.
ISSN:0003-2700
1520-6882