Iron-induced pro-oxidant and pro-lipogenic responses in relation to impaired synthesis and accretion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in rat hepatic and extrahepatic tissues

Iron is involved in processes involving oxygen transfer and utilization. Excess iron is linked to cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. Iron overload is associated with oxidative stress development, and may have important interactions with lipid metabolism in the liver favoring the devel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2018-01, Vol.45, p.49-58
Main Authors: Valenzuela, Rodrigo, Rincón-Cervera, Miguel Ángel, Echeverría, Francisca, Barrera, Cynthia, Espinosa, Alejandra, Hernández-Rodas, María Catalina, Ortiz, Macarena, Valenzuela, Alfonso, Videla, Luis A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accretion
Adipose tissue
Animal tissues
Animals
Antioxidants
Brain
Cancer
Cardiovascular diseases
Catalase - genetics
Catalase - metabolism
Chains
Cytochrome
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Deposition
Desaturase
Desaturation
Diet
DNA
Endoplasmic reticulum
Enzymatic activity
Enzymes
Erythrocytes
Fatty acid composition
Fatty Acid Desaturases - genetics
Fatty Acid Desaturases - metabolism
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood
Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - blood
Fatty liver
Gene expression
Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics
Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism
Glutathione Reductase - genetics
Glutathione Reductase - metabolism
Heart diseases
Iron
Iron - administration & dosage
Iron - adverse effects
Iron Overload - physiopathology
Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase - genetics
Linoleoyl-CoA Desaturase - metabolism
Lipid metabolism
Lipids
Lipogenesis
Liver
Liver - metabolism
Liver diseases
Liver Δ-6/Δ-5 desaturase activity
Male
Metabolism
Metabolites
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - blood
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - etiology
Oxidation
Oxidative metabolism
Oxidative Stress
Oxygen transfer
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
PPAR alpha - genetics
PPAR alpha - metabolism
Proteins
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Rodents
Steatosis
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - genetics
Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 - metabolism
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein
Superoxide Dismutase - genetics
Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism
Tissue long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism
Transaminases
Transcription factors
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Summary:Iron is involved in processes involving oxygen transfer and utilization. Excess iron is linked to cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. Iron overload is associated with oxidative stress development, and may have important interactions with lipid metabolism in the liver favoring the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The aim of the study described here was to assess the effect of high intake of iron on oxidative stress-related parameters, lipid metabolism, and levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in liver and other tissues of the rat. Male Wistar rats (21 d old) were fed an iron-rich diet (200 mg iron/kg diet, IRD) versus a control diet (50 mg iron/kg diet; CD) for 21 d. Samples of erythrocytes, liver, adipose tissue, brain, heart, and testicles were evaluated for fatty acid composition and hepatic biochemical and oxidative stress parameters, Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturase activities, SREBP-1c and PPAR-α mRNA expression and DNA-binding capacity, and lipolytic, lipogenic, and antioxidant enzymatic activities. The IRD caused liver steatosis and increased activity of plasma transaminases, with higher oxidative stress status in plasma and liver. Liver Δ-6 and Δ-5 desaturase exhibited decreased activity, but enhanced expression in response to the IRD compared with the CD, with lower levels of ω-3 and ω-6 LCPUFAs and higher expression and DNA binding of SREBP-1c, whereas expression and DNA-binding activity of PPAR-α were diminished. IRD induced oxidative stress and a reduction in the desaturation capacity of the liver, with LCPUFA depletion in the different tissues studied, thus promoting a pro-steatotic condition in the liver. [Display omitted] •Iron is involved in processes concerning oxygen transfer and utilization.•Iron's role in the organism is based on its functioning as an oxygen carrier and participation in redox reactions.•An iron-rich diet induced oxidative stress and reduction in the desaturation capacity of the liver.•An iron-rich diet induced long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid depletion in different tissues, with promotion of a pro-steatotic condition in the liver.
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2017.07.007