Genetic Variability of Two Leaffooted Bugs, Leptoglossus clypealis and Leptoglossus zonatus (Hemiptera: Coreidae) in the Central Valley of California

Leaffooted plant bugs (LFPBs) (Leptoglossus spp., Guérin-Méneville) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) are large seed-feeding bugs native to the Western Hemisphere. In California, several Leptoglossus spp. feed on almonds, pistachios, and pomegranate and are occasional pests.The objective of this study was to su...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of economic entomology 2017-12, Vol.110 (6), p.2576-2589
Main Authors: Joyce, A. L, Higbee, B. S, Haviland, D. R, Brailovsky, H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplified fragment length polymorphism
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis
Animals
California
Coreidae
cryptic species
Divergence
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
Dominant species
Electron Transport Complex IV - genetics
Genetic variability
Genetic Variation
haplotype
Haplotypes
Hemiptera
Herbivores
Heteroptera
Heteroptera - anatomy & histology
Heteroptera - classification
Heteroptera - genetics
Heteroptera - growth & development
host plant strains
Host plants
Insect Proteins - genetics
integrated pest management
Leptoglossus
Leptoglossus clypealis
Leptoglossus zonatus
Male
Mitochondrial DNA
MOLECULAR ENTOMOLOGY
Nucleotide sequence
Nymph - anatomy & histology
Nymph - growth & development
Orchards
Pest control
Pests
Pistachio nuts
Plant populations
Population genetics
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Species
Variability
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Description
Summary:Leaffooted plant bugs (LFPBs) (Leptoglossus spp., Guérin-Méneville) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) are large seed-feeding bugs native to the Western Hemisphere. In California, several Leptoglossus spp. feed on almonds, pistachios, and pomegranate and are occasional pests.The objective of this study was to survey the different species of Leptoglossus present in almond, pistachio, and pomegranate orchards in the Central Valley of California. We used two molecular markers, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and mitochondrial DNA COI, to determine the number of species or strains of each species, and to infer whether individuals of each species move and possibly interbreed with populations from the other host plants. Two species of leaffooted bugs were abundant, Leptoglossus clypealis Heidemann, and Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas). L. clypealis was collected in almond and pistachio, while L. zonatus was found on all three host plants, but was the dominant species in pomegranate. The AFLP results indicated that L. clypealis consisted of one species, which suggests it moves between almonds and pistachios during the growing season. Mitochondrial DNA COI for L. clypealis found 1–2% divergence between sequences, and a high haplotype diversity of 0.979 with 17 haplotypes. The AFLP results for L. zonatus found two genetically divergent populations which were morphologically similar. The mtDNA COI sequences for L. zonatus were used for haplotype analysis; three haplotypes were found in California, with one haplotype shared with collections from Brazil. The importance of genetic variability and cryptic species for pest management are discussed.
ISSN:0022-0493
1938-291X
DOI:10.1093/jee/tox222