Resistance exercise improves cardiac function and mitochondrial efficiency in diabetic rat hearts

Metabolic disturbance and mitochondrial dysfunction are a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Resistance exercise (RE) not only enhances the condition of healthy individuals but could also improve the status of those with disease. However, the beneficial effects of RE in the prevention of DC a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pflügers Archiv 2018-02, Vol.470 (2), p.263-275
Main Authors: Ko, Tae Hee, Marquez, Jubert C., Kim, Hyoung Kyu, Jeong, Seung Hun, Lee, SungRyul, Youm, Jae Boum, Song, In Sung, Seo, Dae Yun, Kim, Hye Jin, Won, Du Nam, Cho, Kyoung Im, Choi, Mun Gi, Rhee, Byoung Doo, Ko, Kyung Soo, Kim, Nari, Won, Jong Chul, Han, Jin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cardiomyopathy
Cell Biology
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Energy metabolism
Heart
Heart diseases
Human Physiology
Integrative Physiology
Membrane potential
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2
Molecular Medicine
Muscle contraction
Neurosciences
Reactive oxygen species
Receptors
Rodents
Strength training
Superoxide dismutase
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Summary:Metabolic disturbance and mitochondrial dysfunction are a hallmark of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Resistance exercise (RE) not only enhances the condition of healthy individuals but could also improve the status of those with disease. However, the beneficial effects of RE in the prevention of DC and mitochondrial dysfunction are uncertain. Therefore, this study investigated whether RE attenuates DC by improving mitochondrial function using an in vivo rat model of diabetes. Fourteen Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats were assigned to sedentary control (SC, n  = 7) and RE ( n  = 7) groups at 28 weeks of age. Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka rats were used as the non-diabetic control. The RE rats were trained by 20 repetitions of climbing a ladder 5 days per week. RE rats exhibited higher glucose uptake and lower lipid profiles, indicating changes in energy metabolism. RE rats significantly increased the ejection fraction and fractional shortening compared with the SC rats. Isolated mitochondria in RE rats showed increase in mitochondrial numbers, which were accompanied by higher expression of mitochondrial biogenesis proteins such as proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α and TFAM. Moreover, RE rats reduced proton leakage and reactive oxygen species production, with higher membrane potential. These results were accompanied by higher superoxide dismutase 2 and lower uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and UCP3 levels in RE rats. These data suggest that RE is effective at ameliorating DC by improving mitochondrial function, which may contribute to the maintenance of diabetic cardiac contractility.
ISSN:0031-6768
1432-2013
DOI:10.1007/s00424-017-2076-x