Microbial Stability of Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Products

This review gives a brief overview about microbial contamination in pharmaceutical products. We discuss the distribution and potential sources of microorganisms in different areas, ranging from manufacturing sites, pharmacy stores, hospitals, to the post-market phase. We also discuss the factors tha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:AAPS PharmSciTech 2018, Vol.19 (1), p.60-78
Main Authors: Dao, Huy, Lakhani, Prit, Police, Anitha, Kallakunta, Venkataraman, Ajjarapu, Sankar Srinivas, Wu, Kai-Wei, Ponkshe, Pranav, Repka, Michael A., Narasimha Murthy, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Biotechnology
Cosmetics
Dosage Forms
Drug Contamination - prevention & control
Fungi - isolation & purification
Mini-Review
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pharmacy
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Theme: Stability of Pharmaceutical Excipients
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Summary:This review gives a brief overview about microbial contamination in pharmaceutical products. We discuss the distribution and potential sources of microorganisms in different areas, ranging from manufacturing sites, pharmacy stores, hospitals, to the post-market phase. We also discuss the factors that affect microbial contamination in popular dosage forms ( e.g. , tablets, sterile products, cosmetics). When these products are contaminated, the microorganisms can cause changes. The effects range from mild changes ( e.g. , discoloration, texture alteration) to severe effects ( e.g. , changes in activities, toxicity). The most common method for countering microbial contamination is the use of preservatives. We review some frequently used preservatives, and we describe the mechanisms by which microorganisms develop resistance to these preservatives. Finally, because preservatives are inherently toxic, we review the efforts of researchers to utilize water activity and other non-preservative approaches to combat microbial contamination.
ISSN:1530-9932
1530-9932
DOI:10.1208/s12249-017-0875-1