Substitution of water or fresh juice for bottled juice and type 2 diabetes incidence: The SUN cohort study

The relationship between juice consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been widely evidenced. Our aims were to prospectively evaluate the associations with T2D incidence of: 1) isovolumetric substitution of a water serving/day for one of fruit juice (different types), and of fresh fruit juice...

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Published in:Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases, 2017-10, Vol.27 (10), p.874-880
Main Authors: Fresan, U., Gea, A., Bes-Rastrollo, M., Basterra-Gortari, F.J., Carlos, S., Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Beverage replacement
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - prevention & control
Drinking
Energy Intake
Feeding Behavior
Female
Fruit and Vegetable Juices - adverse effects
Fruit juices
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Protective Factors
Risk Factors
Serving Size
Spain - epidemiology
SUN project
Surveys and Questionnaires
Time Factors
Type 2 diabetes
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Summary:The relationship between juice consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been widely evidenced. Our aims were to prospectively evaluate the associations with T2D incidence of: 1) isovolumetric substitution of a water serving/day for one of fruit juice (different types), and of fresh fruit juice for its bottled version; 2) consumption of total, fresh or bottled juice; 3) energy intake from juices. We followed 17,518 adults without T2D at baseline. Beverage consumption was assessed at baseline through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. The outcome was T2D incidence, according to American Diabetes Association's criteria. During a median follow-up of 10.2 years, 142 incident cases of T2D were identified. In substitution models, the substitution of water for bottled juice was associated with a lower T2D incidence, and also if the replacement was done by fresh juice, or especially fresh orange juice [HR 0.75 (95% CI 0.57–0.99), 0.65 (95% CI 0.43–0.98) and 0.56 (95% CI 0.34–0.92); respectively]. Each additional serving/day of bottled juice was directly associated with T2D incidence [HR 1.33 (95% CI 1.01–1.75)]. No significant association was observed for energy coming for bottled juice [HR 1.74 (95% CI 0.94–3.20)]. Our results suggest that isovolumetric substitution of water or fresh juice for bottled juice was inversely associated with T2D incidence in a long-term prospective study. Thus, these substitutions could be useful to tackle the diabetes epidemic. •A water serving/day instead of bottled juice could decrease diabetes incidence.•The same effect was observed when it is replaced by fresh juice.•Each additional serving per day of bottled juice would increase diabetes risk.•Energy coming from juices would not be associated with diabetes risk.
ISSN:0939-4753
1590-3729
DOI:10.1016/j.numecd.2017.07.010